IDW '21 Final Program

Final Program

Plenary Sessions
Special Events
LCT	Workshop on LC Science and Technologies
AMD	Workshop on Active Matrix Displays
FMC	Workshop on FPD Manufacturing, Materials and Components
PH	Workshop on Inorganic Emissive Display and Phosphors
OLED	Workshop on OLED Displays and Related Technologies
3D	Workshop on 3D/Hyper-Realistic Displays and Systems
VHF	Workshop on Applied Vision and Human Factors
PRJ	Workshop on Projection and Large-Area Displays and Their Components
EP	Workshop on EP Electronic Paper
MEET	Workshop on MEMS and Emerging Technologies for Future Displays and Devices
DES	Workshop on Display Electronic Systems
FLX	Workshop on Flexible Electronics
INP	Workshop on Touch Panels and Input Technologies
AIS	Topical Session on AI and Smart Society

Plenary Sessions

Dec. 1	9:20-9:40	Opening
Dec. 1	9:50-11:50	Keynote Addresses

Opening

Dec. 1 9:20-9:50

Master of Ceremony: Osamu Akimoto (Executive Chair, IDW '21)

Opening Remarks

Hideo Fujikake (General Chair, IDW '21)
Takatoshi Tsujimura (President, SID)
Takashi Tanaka (President, ITE)
Osamu Akimoto (Executive Chair, IDW '21)
Tomokazu Shiga (Program Chair, IDW '21)

Award Ceremony

Haruhiko Okumura (Director, IDW General Incorporated Association)

Keynote Addresses

Dec. 1 9:50-11:50

Chair: Tomokazu Shiga (Program Chair, IDW '21)

Keynote Address-1 9:50	New World Explored by XR Services Evolved with 5G *Masashi Usami Japan Cable Laboratories (Japan)
Keynote Address-2 10:30	Vision Science for Display Technologies *Shinya Nishida Kyoto University (Japan)
Keynote Address-3 11:10	The Role of Metasurfaces in Future Display Technologies *Mark L. Brongersma Stanford University (United States of America)

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Special Events

Special Event 1: Future Trends in Image Information and Media Technology

Toward Next Decade of Image Sensing Technology
Junichi Akita
Kanazawa University (Japan)
Image sensing technology, especially image sensors, are integration of the wide variety of technology from physics, electronic circuit, optics, systems, and software. In recent years, the relations of these technology areas are getting closer, and exploring the novel field of applications and basic principles. In this talk, the topics on image sensing technology for next decade are introduced and discussed.
The Past, Present and Future of Broadcasting Technologies
Hidekazu Murata
Kyoto University (Japan)
In the last decade, analog television broadcasting has ended and the new 4K8K satellite broadcasting has started. The Technical Group on Broadcasting and Communication Technologies (BCT) has been actively engaged in research and development to support this major transformation. Our research and development includes wireless and optical transmission technologies, the world's first 8K transmission experiment in the UHF band, and the hybridcast services. In this talk, the future prospects of the following areas will be addressed: next-generation terrestrial digital broadcasting, visible light communication, XR technology, and the utilization of wireless technology after 5G.
Grand Challenges of Media Engineering over Next Decade
Shuhei Tarashima¹, Daisuke Ishii²
1. NTT Communications (Japan), 2. Fujitsu (Japan)
Media engineering covers diverse and fast-growing topics from basic theories of image/video processing to best practices of real-world applications. In this talk we discuss five major technological challenges of media engineering in the next 10 years including (1) large-scale media understanding, (2) media generation and forensics, (3) autonomous evolution of AI, (4) diversity of correctness, and (5) mutual understanding between technology and society. We also discuss future relationships between media engineering and display technology.

Special Event 2: The Web of Things (WoT)

Overview of Web of Things (WoT)
Kazuyuki Ashimura
Keio University (Japan)
It's almost 20 years since the term "Internet of Things (IoT)" started to be used, and now various "Things" are connected with each other. However, IoT implementations tend to be different based on the vendors and industry areas, so we're in a difficult situation with "IoT Silos" including different IoT frameworks without interoperability. To cope with that situation, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has been working on "Web of Things (WoT)" to achieve IoT interoperability. Two W3C Recommendations have been published and now W3C is working on extensions for those specifications to achieve finer-grained industry applications and WoT deployment.
IoT-based Media Framework for Autonomous Media Presentation in Diverse Environments
Hiroki Endo
NHK (Japan)
We describe "IoT-based Media Framework," a media presentation framework that autonomously presents content using appropriate devices including displays and various appliances via suitable presentation methods for users. The framework provides a user-centric experience with semantic descriptions that represent three important aspects of media presentation —content, environment (including devices), and user context— that is essential for public service media. Using the Web of Things recommendation of World Wide Web Consortium, we demonstrate the prototype implementation to extend content expression and to improve accessibility to people with disabilities thus furthering the provision of universal services.
Web as the Platform for Media Distribution
Kazuyuki Ashimura
Keio University (Japan)
As mentioned in the former talk, "Web of Things (WoT)" is a Web-based technology for IoT interoperability, and can be applied to various future industries such as smart homes and smart cities. On the other hand, the Web technologies in general have been already applied to various existing industries and services, e.g., search engine, video distribution and e-shopping, and you can access everything simply using your smartphones. This talk will discuss the expectations for the possible next-generation Web services based on the combination of already deployed Web technologies and WoT from the viewpoint of media distribution.

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Workshop on LC Science and Technologies

Dec. 1	13:00-14:00	LCT1	Novel LC Applications
Dec. 1	14:50-15:50	LCT2	LC Lenses
Dec. 1	16:40-17:40	LCT3	High-quality Display Technologies
Dec. 2	9:00-10:00	LCT4	Ferroelectric Nematic LCs
Dec. 2	10:50-11:50	LCT5	LC Orientation and Low Driving Voltage
Dec. 2	13:30-14:30	INP4/LCT6	Fingerprint on Displays (2) and Force Sensing Display
Dec. 3	9:00-10:20	LCT7	FFS-LCD Technologies
Dec. 3	10:50-12:10	LCT8/FLX3	Curved and Flexible LCDs
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	LCTp1	Novel LC Applications

LCT1: Novel LC Applications

Dec. 1 13:00-14:00

Chair: Seiji Shibahara (Sony)
Co-Chair: Yukihiro Kudoh (Kogakuin Univ.)

LCT1-1 13:00	Invited Real-Time Analysis of Surface Strain in Bending Films for Development of Flexible Devices *Atsushi Shishido¹, Ryo Taguchi¹ 1. Tokyo Institute of Technology (Japan)
	Preventing fracture in materials and devices integrated on largely bending film substrates has attracted much attention due to the rapid development of flexible electronics and soft robotics. We propose the surface-labeled grating method that is the fundamental and efficient technique for measuring surface bending strains with a single-nanoscale (
LCT1-2 13:20	Designing of Liquid Crystal Beam Steering Working Parameters for Augmented Reality Applications *Yu-Min Chen¹, Chung-Jen Ou², Hung-Ta Chien², Jui-Yi Wu², Ming-Wei Tsai², Chien-Chih Chen², Huang-Ming Chen¹ 1. National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University (Taiwan), 2. Coretronic Corporation (Taiwan)
	This paper applied Tagushi method to find suitable structural parameters of LC beam steering device, which will be used to improve the disadvantages of AR/VR and make users more comfortable.
LCT1-3 13:40	Optically Switchable Transparent Liquid Crystal Display *Yoshimi Ohta¹, Shunta Nabetani¹, Maki Shimada¹, Tomoya Ohara¹, Ryota Maehashi¹, Fuminori Satou¹, Tsuyoshi Fukaminato², Seiji Kurihara² 1. Nissan Motor Co., Ltd (Japan), 2. Kumamoto University (Japan)
	We demonstrated a new transparent display consisting of an optically switchable polymer network liquid crystal and light sources. Optical switching between transparent and screen states was achieved through trans-cis photoisomerization of azobenzene. Furthermore, we improved screen reflectance by increasing the helical twisting power difference between the trans and cis states.

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LCT2: LC Lenses

Dec. 1 14:50-15:50

Chair: Yoshinori Iwashita (DIC)
Co-Chair: Hiroyuki Yoshida (Osaka Univ.)

LCT2-1 14:50	Invited A New Generation of Eyeglasses Pioneered through Liquid Crystal Lens Technology *Akihiro Muramatsu¹, Eiichiro Hikosaka¹, Shiro Shichijyo¹ 1. Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. (Japan)
	Regardless of our age, we always want to live life looking forward. However, all of us will face worsening eyesight as we age. TouchFocus can change the optical power polarization independently by controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules in the lens allowing for clear near and far vision.
LCT2-2 15:10	A Low Aberration Negative Liquid Crystal Lens *Tzu-Yu Tai¹, Wei-Wei Chen¹, Jui-Wen Pan¹, Shie-Chang Jeng¹ 1. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (Taiwan)
	A hole-patterned electrodes (HPE) liquid crystal (LC) lens is developed by using a homeotropically-aligned LC cell. Low aberration is obtained because the LC directors are well aligned along with the axially symmetrical electrical field. The optical-path difference of HPE LC lenses is less than λ/4 in all directions.
LCT2-3L 15:30	Invited Low-Driving-Voltage Liquid-Crystal-Lenses with High-Resistive Films *Marenori Kawamura¹ 1. Akita University (Japan)
	A three-dimensional numerical calculation for analyzing reorientation in liquid crystal (LC) directors and optical phase retardation in an LC lens, which exhibits a tunable lens property, is developed. The proposed LC lens design employs a circular electrode, ring electrodes, and a circular hole-patterned electrode employing a highly-resistive layer in a flat nematic cell.

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LCT3: High-quality Display Technologies

Dec. 1 16:40-17:40

Chair: Takahiro Ishinabe (Tohoku Univ.)
Co-Chair: Yasutomo Nagano (JNC)

LCT3-1 16:40	Invited Scanning Backlight System for High Frame Rate LCD with IGZO-TFT Technology *Masamitsu Kobayashi¹, Takafumi Miura¹, Noriaki Yamaguchi¹, Hidekazu Miyata¹, Masafumi Yashiki¹, Junichi Masuda¹, Kenji Takase¹, Hideki Fujimoto¹, Yusuke Nishihara¹, Yoshihito Hara¹, Tetsuo Kikuchi¹, Hajime Imai¹ 1. Sharp Display Technology Corporation (Japan)
	The demand for high frame rate displays with low latency continues to increase for recent rapid expansion of the gaming market. We developed a high frame rate LC panel with IGZO-TFT that can achieve high moving picture quality in combination with a scanning backlight.
LCT3-2 17:00	Analysis of Push Color Shift and Static Color Shift of Liquid Crystal Display *Meihong Lin¹, Huiyu Liu¹, Yuchao Wang¹, Laidi Wu¹, Yanping Yu¹, Ting Zhou¹, Junyi Li 1. Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co., Ltd. (China)
	Herein, the mechanism of push color shift in liquid crystal display was proposed and verified by experiments. Through further analysis of influence factors, the influence sequence of factors on static color shift was obtained. Besides, we have established a model to quickly evaluate static color shift of liquid crystal display.
LCT3-3L 17:20	Viewing Zone Evaluation and Analyses of the Holographic Images Reconstructed by 1-μm Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Pixel Arrays *Shintaro Aso¹, Kisho Yamamoto², Ken-ichi Aoshima¹, Junichi Shibasaki¹, Ryo Higashida¹, Nobuhiko Funabashi¹, Takahiro Ishinabe², Yosei Shibata², Hideo Fujikake², Kenji Machida¹ 1. NHK (Japan), 2. Tohoku University (Japan)
	We found the brightness of holographic images reconstructed by a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) pixel array depend on observation-angles, and clarified the dependence is attributed to the diminished diffracted light which is caused by passing through the adjacent pixel with different FLC alignment.

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LCT4: Ferroelectric Nematic LCs

Dec. 2 9:00-10:00

Chair: Ken Ishikawa (Tokyo Tech.)
Co-Chair: Fumito Araoka (RIKEN)

LCT4-1 9:00	Invited Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystal Electro-Optics *Noel A. Clark¹, Xi Chen¹, Joseph E. Maclennan¹, Mathew A. Glaser¹ 1. University of Colorado, Boulder (United States of America)
	Ferroelectric Nematic liquid crystals offer new opportunities for electro-optic science and applications, based on strong coupling of director orientation to applied electric field, afforded by spontaneous ferroelectric polarization. Here we discuss self-interaction and interfacial electrostatic effects that must be considered in order to develop attractive and useful ferroelectric nematic electro-optics.
LCT4-2 9:20	Invited Polymorphic Structures and Characteristics of Nematic-Based Ferronematics *Hiroya Nishikawa¹, Fumito Araoka¹ 1. RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) (Japan)
	Recently, a new nematic polymorph with highly polar order has been found. This is the long-awaited ferronematic (N_F) phase. A common significant characteristic is a colossal dielectric permittivity (>10,000) in the N_F phase. Here, the polymorphic structures and characteristics of a 1,3-dioxane-tethered ferronematogen (DIO) are introduced.
LCT4-3 9:40	Invited Polar Liquid Crystals for Highly Ordered Nematics *Atsutaka Manabe¹, Matthias Bremer¹, Martin Kraska¹, Melanie Klasen-Memmer¹ 1. Merck KGaA (Germany)
	We report liquid crystals that show ferroelectric nematic phases. We have modified the bridged three-ring structure reported previously to investigate structure-property relationships. Small changes in the length of the flexible chain and variation of the bridge structure cause large differences in the phase sequence as well as in the ferroelectric-nematic transition temperatures. In addition, as a first step toward industrially relevant mixture design, a binary...

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LCT5: LC Orientation and Low Driving Voltage

Dec. 2 10:50-11:50

Chair: Hiroyuki Okada (Univ. of Toyama)
Co-Chair: Toshiaki Nose (Akita Pref. Univ.)

LCT5-1 10:50	Invited A Personal View on Decades of Impact of Surface Studies in Liquid Crystal Display Engineering *Hiroshi Yokoyama¹ 1. Kent State University (United States of America)
	Liquid crystals as orientationally ordered fluids are extremely sensitive to the condition of their boundaries. The level interaction energies involved in the surface phenomena are orders of magnitude smaller than the surface tension of liquids. Using surfaces as an agent to control the structure of liquid crystals is old and has played a decisive role in LCD technologies. In this talk, I would like to...
LCT5-2 11:10	Invited Liquid Crystal Reorientation with Ultra-Low Driving Voltage between Strong and Weak Anchoring Surfaces *Rumiko Yamaguchi¹ 1. Akita University (Japan)
	Hybrid aligned cells were designed using strong and weak polar anchoring surfaces. When the weak anchoring strength was less than critical one, the liquid crystal director distribution changed to usual homogeneous and 90 degree twisted nematic orientations, which LC cells had no threshold voltage and very low driving voltage.
LCT5-3 11:30	Long-Pitch Supertwisted Nematic with Low Driving Voltage *Masahiro Ito¹, Satoshi Ohmi¹, Kohki Takatoh¹ 1. Sanyo-Onoda City University (Japan)
	The stabilized long-pitch supertwisted nematic (LPSTN) structure could be formed during the stabilization process of the reverse twisted nematic structure at a temperature near the clearing point. A notable feature of LPSTN-LCDs is that a black state can be realized, unlike the normal STN mode under the crossed nicols condition.

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INP4/LCT6: Fingerprint on Displays (2) and Force Sensing Display
Special Topics of Interest on Automotive Displays

Dec. 2 13:30-14:30

Chair: Kuniaki Yamazaki (Corning Japan)
Co-Chair: Yuichi Sasaki (Mitsubishi Elec.)

INP4/LCT6-1 13:30	Full Screen Optical Fingerprint for LCD Based on LTPS Technology *Jiaqian Wu¹, Min Huang¹, Xiaoxiao Wu¹, Xuanxian Cai¹, Bozhi Liu¹, Jiancai Huang¹, Junyi Li¹ 1. XiaMen Tianma Microelectronics Co., Ltd. (China)
	With the development of technology, more and more human recognition technology has been applied in mobile phone recognition. Large area or even full-screen fingerprint recognition will be better to achieve confidentiality. We have developed 6.7 inch full-screen fingerprint recognition based on LTPS.
INP4/LCT6-2 13:50	Withdrawn

INP4/LCT6-3 14:10	Invited Sharp Force Touch for On-Screen User Interface in LCD and Foldable OLED Display Application *Takuma Yamamoto¹, Takenori Maruyama¹, Kazutoshi Kida¹, Shinji Yamagishi¹, Biregeya Jean de Dieu Mugiraneza¹, Yasuhiro Sugita¹, Hiroshi Fukushima¹, Mikihiro Noma¹ 1. Sharp Display Technology Corporation (Japan)
	We describe ultra-high sensitive force sensor on flat display that can detect and differentiate between feather touch and press touch or tapping. The proposed unique sensor pattern design and pressure-sensitive material enables ultra-high force sensitivity, multi force detection (10 points).

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LCT7: FFS-LCD Technologies

Dec. 3 9:00-10:20

Chair: Koichi Miyachi (JSR)
Co-Chair: Mitsuru Chida (Sharp Display Tech.)

LCT7-1 9:00	Invited Advent, Evolution, and Recent Advances in FFS TFT-LCDs *Seung Hee Lee¹, Hyoung Soo Park¹, Da Yeon Lee¹, Young Jin Lim¹, MinSu Kim¹ 1. Jeonbuk National University (Korea)
	Since advent of fringe-field switching (FFS) mode which overcame demerits of the IPS mode while keeping its wide-viewing characteristics in 1998, it becomes a standard LC mode for small and medium-sized TFT-LCDs with high resolution, high image quality and low power consumption. The FFS LCDs still advance to large-sized LC-TVs with less color shift than OLEDs, and gaming monitors with superior performance in grey to...
LCT7-2 9:20	Invited Development of Ultra-High Contrast Dual-Cell LCDs with Moiré Reduction Structures *Yosuke Hyodo¹, Shinichiro Oka¹, Hirofumi Ohira¹, Takaya Hirose¹, Kazunari Tomizawa¹, Tomoyuki Ishihara¹, Junji Kobashi¹, Shimon Itakura¹ 1. Japan Display Inc. (Japan)
	We have investigated ultra-high contrast display using dual-cell liquid crystal display (LCD) technology. Dual-cell LCDs have issues such as moiré and color unevenness. Thus, we have developed a dual-cell LCD that solved these issues by arranging a light-shielding pattern in the diagonal direction of the subpixel pitch in a dimming cell.
LCT7-3 9:40	Research on Panel Impact Factors Related to Gamma of Liquid Crystal Displays *Ganmin Zeng¹, Keng Chen¹, Laidi Wu¹, Yanping Yu¹, Ting Zhou¹, Junyi Li¹ 1. Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co., Ltd. (China)
	In this paper, through the relationship between Gamma and transmittance, the factors that contribute to Gamma in the liquid crystal display module are analyzed. Techwiz software is used to perform optical modeling and simulation to simulate the Gamma difference of related factor changes. Gamma will be affected by the superposition of multiple factors, so optical modeling and simulation can confirm their contribution and clarify the...
LCT7-4 10:00	The Factors of Image Sticking in Wide Dynamic Frame Rate Technology *fu shan dai¹, Bing Ping Liu ¹, Guo Zhao Chen¹, Jun Yi Li¹ 1. XiaMen Tianma Microelectronics Co. Ltd. (China)
	With the wide use of high-refresh mobile phones, the battery handling capacity is getting worse. We have exploited a kind of Liquid crystal display, which perfectly matches the demand of high-refresh and low-power-consumption without increase in process cost. We also focus on the factors of image sticking in wide-dynamic-frame-rate technology

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LCT8/FLX3: Curved and Flexible LCDs

Dec. 3 10:50-12:10

Chair: Shinichiro Oka (Japan Display)
Co-Chair: Munehiro Kimura (Nagaoka Univ. of Tech.)

LCT8/FLX3-1 10:50	Invited Development of Single Substrate Flexible LCD Using Deformable Polarizer *Toru Umemoto¹, Kosuke Takae¹, Kazuki Kawamidori¹, Takashi Kamijo¹, Kazuya Miwa¹, Junichi Nagase¹, Takahiro Ishinabe², Yosei Shibata², Hideo Fujikake² 1. NITTO DENKO (Japan), 2. Tohoku University (Japan)
	We developed ultra-thin flexible LCD using novel deformable polarizer. The LCD was constituted of optically isotropic LCs located between a single substrate and 10mm deformable polarizers. The LC material was investigated to achieve excellent optical & electrical properties as well as bending performance by optimizing its composition and thickness.
LCT8/FLX3-2 11:10	OLCD in Automotive Applications – Enabling Curved and Non-Rectangular form Factors with Conformable Displays *Jonathan Huggins¹, Paul Cain¹ 1. FlexEnable (UK)
	We describe recent development of shaped and curved OLCDs and show examples of the resulting displays that can be seamlessly integrated into curved automotive surfaces. We also show how LC optical films based on TAC can be 3D biaxially curved to follow the contours of almost any surface, including windows.
LCT8/FLX3-3 11:30	Curved Vertical-Alignment Liquid Crystal Display Development Gui-Qing Du¹, Chen-I Huang¹, *An-thung Cho¹, Yong Zhang¹ 1. ChuZhou HKC Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. (China)
	Curved liquid crystal display (LCD) suffers from an issue of uneven brightness among the vertical-alignment LCD panels based on thin glass substrates. In this work, we success fully realized uniform brilliance for 27-inch curved LCD panels. The optical revealed that the dark areas on the bending sides of the curved LCD panel originated from the reduced azimuth angle of the liquid crystals (LC). This issue...
LCT8/FLX3-4L 11:50	Invited Self-Recovery Mechanical/Optical Characteristics of Gel-State Liquid Crystal Mixtures for Stretchable Displays *Yosei Shibata¹, Ryoma Sato¹, Ryosuke Saito¹, Takahiro Ishinabe¹, Hideo Fujikake¹ 1. Tohoku University (Japan)
	In this paper, we present our recent studies on liquid crystal gel films as the light modulation layer for stretchable liquid crystal displays. The liquid crystal gel with self-assembly dendrimer showed light modulation based on electro-optical effect, durability to elongation and structural recovery by thermal treatment. Reversible reaction of self-assembled network will be useful for lifetime-free stretchable liquid crystal display.

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LCTp1: Novel LC Applications

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

LCTp1-1	Design and Simulation of 1xN Optical Switch Based on LCoS SLM by Using Iterative Fourier Transform Algorithm with the Optimization Method *Zih-Yuan Wong¹, Chien-Tang Wang², Wen-Hsu Chen², Yuet-Wing Li², Kuan-Hsu Fan-Chiang², Hoang-Yan Lin¹ 1. National Taiwan University (Taiwan), 2. Himax Display, Inc. (Taiwan)
	We design and complete the 1xN optical switch by using the IFTA with a fast optimization step. The nonuniformities of the switches can be reduced to 3.52% and 10.62% by simulation. The insertion loss of the optical switch system is 2.3 to 13.5 dB.
LCTp1-2L	Vertical Alignment Technology of Fine LC Pixels Based on Elastic Alignment Effect for Electronic Holography *Kisho Yamamoto¹, Yosei Shibata¹, Takahiro Ishinabe¹, Hideo Fujikake¹ 1. Tohoku University (Japan)
	To achieve electronic holography with a wide field of view, we proposed the elastic alignment technique for liquid crystals (LCs) using a lattice-shaped wall structure. We showed that the shape of the microscopic space filled with LCs enables vertical alignment control of the LC without conventional alignment films.
LCTp1-3L	Fabrication of Single-Substrate Flexible LCD using Nano-Phase-Separated Liquid Crystal by Coating Method *Teppei Azuma¹, Takahiro Ishinabe¹, Yosei Shibata¹, Yuichi Momoi², Osamu Haba³, Hideo Fujikake¹ 1. Tohoku University (Japan), 2. Toyo Co., Ltd. (Japan), 3. Yamagata University (Japan)
	We have developed the single-substrate LCD to realize flexible LCDs with both high flexibility and high image quality. By using NPS-LCs, liquid crystalline dendrimers, and stretchable cover film, we successfully achieved LC layers with high uniform LC alignment by coating method.
LCTp1-4L	Polyimide-Free Flexible Polymer Network Liquid Crystal Using Mesogen Dendrimers for Smart Window *Ryusei Kusuhara¹, Takahiro Ishinabe¹, Yosei Shibata¹, Yuichi Momoi², Osamu Haba³, Hideo Fujikake¹ 1. Tohoku University (Japan), 2. Toyo Co., Ltd. (Japan), 3. Yamagata University (Japan)
	We have developed flexible polymer network liquid crystals using liquid crystalline dendrimers that induce spontaneous vertical alignment without alignment film. Flexible PNLC with high haze value and high flexibility was realized by the electrohydrodynamic convection due to the liquid crystalline dendrimers.
LCTp1-5L	Two-Dimensional Spectrum Control of Tunable Filter of Liquid Crystal *Hidehiro Seki¹, Hiroshi Takahashi¹, Kazuki Miyazawa¹, Takanori Sasaki¹ 1. Hachinohe Institute of Technology (Japan)
	The liquid crystal has birefringence and is applied as a main electronic display. In the future, it has the potential as a low-voltage, low-power, thin electro-optical device. In this study, we will clarify the possibility as a tunable filter of liquid crystal capable of two-dimensional spectroscopy. By stacking liquid crystal layers with different dispersion property of birefringence, mutual optical compensation effect is exhibited, and an...
LCTp1-6L	Millimeter-Wave Single-Pixel Imaging Using Liquid Crystal Mask Cell with Matrix Electrode Structure *Michinori Honma¹, Takashi Sase¹, Ryota Ito¹, Toshiaki Nose¹ 1. Akita Prefectural University (Japan)
	A millimeter-wave single-pixel imaging (MMW-SPI) system was developed using a liquid crystal mask electrically switched based on a simple operation method. The proposed MMW-SPI system can detect a concealed small metal piece placed under an opaque paper sheet.
LCTp1-7L	Alignment Stabilization of Thick Nematic LC Layer Containing LC-Polymer Films for Millimeter Wave Reflect Arrays *Tomoya Haneda¹, Takahiro Ishinabe¹, Yosei Shibata¹, Hiroyasu Sato¹, Qiang Chen¹, Hideo Fujikake¹ 1. Tohoku University (Japan)
	For the realization of thick liquid crystal (LC) layer for reflect arrays, we have proposed a multi-layered structure containing LC-polymer films to stabilize the alignment of the thick nematic LC layer and enable a fast response time. We fabricated and evaluated LC-polymer films for the proposed structure.

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Workshop on Active Matrix Displays

Dec. 1	13:00-14:20	AMD1	Oxide TFT (1)
Dec. 1	14:50-16:10	AMD2	Oxide TFT (2)
Dec. 2	13:30-14:50	FLX2/AMD3	Recent Advances in Flexible Organic TFT Devices and Applications
Dec. 3	9:00-10:00	AMD4/AIS6	Emerging TFT Devices
Dec. 3	13:30-14:30	AMD5	Micro/Mini-LED Display
Dec. 3	15:20-16:40	AMD6/AIS8	Next-Generation Innovative Display
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	AMDp1	Active-Matrix Devices

AMD1: Oxide TFT (1)

Dec. 1 13:00-14:20

Chair: Hideya Kumomi (Tokyo Tech)
Co-Chair: Yujiro Takeda (Sharp Display Tech.)

AMD1-1 13:00	Invited Ultra High Contrast 8K Dual-Cell Display Based on IGZO Technology *Takehisa Yoshida¹, Fumikazu Shimoshikiryoh¹, Shigeyuki Yamada¹, Kiyoshi Minoura¹, Yasuhisa Itoh¹ 1. Sharp Display Technology Corporation (Japan)
	By combining our 8K technology with the newly developed Dual-Cell technology, we have developed a display that achieves high resolution and high contrast ratio of over 1,000,000 : 1. In addition, a 3-layer driving technology that combines this 8K Dual-Cell with a local dimming backlight has realized ultra-high contrast ratio of over 2,000,000: 1.
AMD1-2 13:20	Invited Highly Compatible Low Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon Oxide Technology for High-Resolution Display Backplane Applications *Po-Tsun Liu¹, Zhen-Hao Li¹, Tsung-Che Chiang¹, Chun-Hao Tu¹, Yue Kuo² 1. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (Taiwan), 2. Texas A&M University (United States of America)
	In this work, we demonstrated the hetro-semiconductor TFTs and resultantly the hybrid complementary inverter, composed of high-mobility indium-based amorphous oxide TFT and p-channel poly-Si TFT for TFT display backplane applications. The inverter with a gain of ~11 V/V has been achieved successfully.
AMD1-3 13:40	Device Model of Positive Bias Temperature Stress Instability for Oxide Semiconductor TFTs *Katsumi Abe¹, Kazuki Ota¹, Takeshi Kuwagaki¹ 1. Silvaco Japan Co., Ltd. (Japan)
	We propose a device model for oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors (OS TFTs) under positive bias temperature stress (PBTS). This model is a function of the channel interface electric field, and device simulations using this model reproduce measured PBTS degradation. The model is suitable for PBTS instability evaluation of OS TFTs.
AMD1-4L 14:00	Invited Control of Switching Behavior through Oxygen Vacancy Modulation in p-Channel Tin Monoxide Thin-Film Transistor *Taikyu Kim¹, Jae Kyeong Jeong¹ 1. Hanyang University (Korea)
	We demonstrate an oxygen vacancy (V_O)-mediated electrical characteristic transition in a p-channel tin monoxide (SnO) transistor. Only p-channel characteristic in SnO transistor can be switched to an ambipolar characteristics by increasing V_O near back-channel, which suggests that the V_O at the back-channel can be a possible origin for the ambipolar behavior in the SnO transistors.

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AMD2: Oxide TFT (2)

Dec. 1 14:50-16:10

Chair: Susumu Horita (JAIST)
Co-Chair: Keisuke Omoto (Apple)

AMD2-1 14:50	Invited High Performance TFTs with IGZO and LTPS Hybrid Structure for AMOLED Display *Shogo Murashige¹, Mehadi Aman¹, Yujiro Takeda¹, Izumi Ishida¹, Masahito Sano¹, Kaoru Yamamoto¹, Kazuatsu Ito¹, Kohei Tanaka¹, Hiroshi Matsukizono¹ 1. Sharp Display Technology Corporation (Japan)
	We have developed an AMOLED panel using hybrid backplane technology with IGZO and LTPS. This panel contains both Gate-on-Array and pixel circuits with high reliability TFTs. The panel can operate between 1 and 120 Hz. We operated at 60^oC for 1,000 hours and it remain operational without any display problem.
AMD2-2 15:10	Invited A Study on the Radiation Hardness of Amorphous Oxide Thin-Film Transistors *Hyuck-In Kwon¹, Min-Gyu Shin¹, Seong-Hyun Hwang¹, Kie Yatsu¹ 1. Chung-Ang University (Korea)
	We investigated the effects of film thickness (t_ch) on the radiation hardness of indium-gallium-tin oxide (IGTO) thin films transistors (TFTs). The IGTO TFT with the 12 nm thick channel layer exhibited the best electrical performance and radiation tolerance. The radiation tolerance significantly decreased as t_ch increased.
AMD2-3 15:30	Internal Compensation by Offset Method for QHD OLED Display Using High Mobility Oxide TFT *Yong Ho Jang¹, Kwang Il Chun¹, Younghyun Ko¹, Uyhyun Choi¹, Min-Gu Kang¹, Hyung Joon Koo¹, Seung Chan Choi¹, Dae Hwan Kim¹, Jiyong Noh¹, Kwon-shik Park¹, JeomJae Kim¹, SooYoung Yoon¹ 1. LG Display (Korea)
	A new internal compensation method for OLED display with high mobility oxide TFT is presented. The offset method can preemptively eliminate Vth-dependent voltage errors, ameliorating the mismatches after-sensing step. Fabricated 5.5-in. QHD OLED displays show improved uniformity.
AMD2-4L 15:50	Oxide Thin-film Transistors Driven from Substrate Backside Using Three-Dimensional Wires *Hiroshi Tsuji¹, Masashi Miyakawa¹, Mitsuru Nakata¹ 1. NHK (Japan)
	This study proposes an oxide thin-film transistor (TFT) structure that enables signal input from the backside of the polyimide film substrate using three-dimensional wires that penetrate the substrate. TFTs with channel lengths down to 3 μm exhibit clear switching behavior with an on/off current ratio of over 10⁷.

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FLX2/AMD3: Recent Advances in Flexible Organic TFT Devices and Applications

Dec. 2 13:30-14:50

Chair: Takashi Nagase (Osaka Pref. Univ.)
Co-Chair: Yosei Shibata (Tohoku Univ.)

FLX2/AMD3-1 13:30	Invited Trap-Minimized Printed Thin-Film Transistors Based on Layered-Crystalline Organic Semiconductors *Tatsuo Hasegawa¹, Gyo Kitahara¹, Mitsuhiro Ikawa¹, Satoshi Matsuoka¹, Shunto Arai¹, Seiji Tsuzuki¹, Toshiki Higashino², Satoru Inoue¹ 1. University of Tokyo (Japan), 2. AIST (Japan)
	We present our recent studies to develop all-printed thin-film transistors (TFTs) that exhibit both high-performance and sharp-switching operations. Our key concept is to take advantage of self-organizing characteristics of highly layered-crystalline organic semiconductors (OSCs) in manufacturing uniform channel layers interfaced with highly lyophobic gate-dielectric surfaces, eventually providing trap-minimized all-printed TFTs.
FLX2/AMD3-2 13:50	Invited Ultra-Flexible Proximity Sensor Array Using Printed Organic Transistors *Hiroyuki Matsui¹, Itsuki Shoji¹, Hideki Wada¹, Kodai Uto¹, Yasunori Takeda¹, Toshiyuki Sugimoto¹ 1. Yamagata University (Japan)
	Here we show a novel proximity sensor array based on floating extended gate organic field-effect transistors, which is sensitive, ultra-flexible (2 μm thick), and digitally printable. The sensor can detect the proximity to the human hands with low static electricity at tens of centimeters.
FLX2/AMD3-3 14:10	Invited Organic Anti-Ambipolar Transistor for Flexible Multivalued Logic Circuit *Yutaka Wakayama¹ 1. National Institute for Materials Science (Japan)
	We develop an organic ternary inverter based on a pn-heterojunction transistor on a flexible substrate. The inverters showed well-balanced ternary logic states with high voltage gain. The devices exhibited stable operation even after 100 bending cycles, demonstrating a high potential for combining mechanical flexibility and high data processability.
FLX2/AMD3-4 14:30	Invited Organic Artificial Synapse for Human-Friendly Wearable Neuromorphic Electronics *Gunuk Wang¹ 1. Korea University (Korea)
	Inspired by the biological neural network and cognitive functions, neuromorphic computing architecture has been envisioned as an alternative computing system. Especially, this brain-inspired computing architecture might be suitable for an e-textile/wearable computing platform because of the potential to efficiently process the large amount of unstructured sensing data, including diverse and complex signals from the human body or the surrounding environment. This study presents organic artificial...

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AMD4/AIS6: Emerging TFT Devices

Dec. 3 9:00-10:00

Chair: Toshiaki Arai (JOLED)
Co-Chair: Hiromi Minemawari (AIST)

AMD4/AIS6-1 9:00	Invited Monolithic Integration of Sn-Doped IGZO Transistor and Ferroelectric Memory for High-Density Memory Applications *Masaharu Kobayashi¹, Jixuan Wu¹, Fei Mo¹, Takuya Saraya¹, Toshiro Hiramoto¹, Kohei Nishiyama², Mototaka Ochi², Hiroshi Goto³ 1. The University of Tokyo (Japan), 2. Kobe Steel, Ltd. (Japan), 3. Kobelco Research Institute, Inc. (Japan)
	We have developed and integrated mobility-enhanced FET and wakeup-free ferroelectric capacitor by using Sn-doped InGaZnO, and demonstrated 1T1C FeRAM cell operation for 3D embedded memory. We have studied the impact of thin-film access transistor on 1T1C cell operation, and investigated the physics of mobility enhancement.
AMD4/AIS6-2 9:20	Invited A Way of Realizing Display of Things Through a Roll-to-Roll Gravure Printed TFT-Active Matrix *Gyoujin Cho¹, Sajjan Parajuli¹, Jinhwa Park¹, Sagar Shrestha¹, Kiran Shrestha¹, Younsu Jung¹, Junfeng Sun² 1. Sungkyunkwan University (Korea), 2. Huzhou University (China)
	Display of Things (DoT) has been considered as another key technology for an ubiquitous society. The DoT means that all surfaces can be functioned as displays. Here, we would like to show a way of realizing the DoT through a roll-to-roll gravure printed TFT-active matrix
AMD4/AIS6-3L 9:40	Invited Manipulation of Crystal Structures of Pyrene-Based Organic Semiconductors Enabling Ultrahigh Mobility *Kazuo Takimiya^1,2, Kirill Bulgarevich¹, Mamatimin Abbas³, Shingo Horiuchi^1,2, Takuya Ogaki¹, Kohsuke Kawabata^2,1, Abduleziz Ablat³ 1. RIKEN (Japan), 2. Tohoku University (Japan), 3. University of Bordeaux (France)
	The four-fold methylthiolated derivative of pyrene (MT-pyrene) was turned out to have a new type of brickwork structure. Single-crystal field-effect transistors (SC-FETs) of MT-pyrene showed excellent transport properties with impressively high mobility of 32 cm² V^–1 s^–1.

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AMD5: Micro/Mini-LED Display
Special Topics of Interest on Micro/Mini LEDs

Dec. 3 13:30-14:30

Chair: Masahide Inoue (Huawei Techs. Japan)
Co-Chair: Tokuro Ozawa (Kyocera)

AMD5-1 13:30	Invited Micro-LED Technologies for AR/VR Glasses: Display and Sensing *Yen-Hsiang Fang¹, Cheng-Jhih Luo¹, Kai-Ling Liang¹, Chia-Hsin Chao¹, Chien-chung Lin^1,2 1. Industrial Technology Research Institute (Taiwan), 2. National Taiwan University (Taiwan)
	The aim of this study is to present our efforts in micro-LED technologies for AR/VR applications. We demonstrate our recent achievement on a full-color microdisplay and sensor array for eye-tracking based on micro LEDs. By combining these sub-systems, it has the potential for enhancing the experiences in the usage of AR/VR glasses.
AMD5-2 13:50	Invited Monolithic Approaches to Implement Micro-LED Full-Color Micro-Displays towards Mass Production *Kei May Lau¹, Xu Zhang¹, Longheng Qi¹, Peian Li¹, Wing Cheung Chong¹ 1. Hong Kong University of Science & Technology (Hong Kong)
	Starting from different LED epi-wafers, multiple monolithic approaches to implement micro-LED full-color micro-display are discussed in this paper. Feasible manufacturability and decent visual quality are demonstrated, showing enormous potential of micro-LED full-color micro-displays for augmented reality (AR) applications.
AMD5-3 14:10	Proposal of a Combined PAM and PWM Driving Scheme forMicro-LED Displays *Julian Ritter¹, Ing. Chihao Xu¹, Cuili Gai², Chenggong Wang², Junfeng Li² 1. Institute of Microelectronics, Saarland University (Germany), 2. Yungu (Gu'an) Technology Co., Ltd. (China)
	In this paper, a new method for driving an active-matrix microLED display is introduced. This driving scheme is realized by a hardware driver, combined with an FPGA and it is evaluated by spatial luminance measurements. Based on those measurements an algorithm for non-uniformity compensation is proposed.

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AMD6/AIS8: Next-Generation Innovative Display

Dec. 3 15:20-16:40

Chair: Hiroki Hamada (Kindai Univ.)
Co-Chair: Mutsumi Kimura (Ryukoku Univ.)

AMD6/AIS8-1 15:20	Invited Effect of Mechanical Strain on the Electrical Performance of Flexible LTPS Thin-Film Transistors *Shiming Shi¹, Dong Li¹, Zunqing Song¹, Dengyun Chen¹, Li Wang¹, Zheng Liu¹, Huijuan Zhang¹, Dawei Wang¹ 1. BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. (China)
	The effects of mechanical strain on the performance and instability of flexible LTPS TFTs were studied. The reasonable arrangement of the strain direction and channel shape of drive TFT can be used to build robust LTPS backplane for flexible displays.
AMD6/AIS8-2 15:40	Invited Foldable OLED Display with 620 Degree Celsius LTPS TFT Manufactured by Weak Bonding Method *Tsung-Ying Ke¹, Ting Kang¹, Chih-Tsung Lee¹, Chun-Yu Chen¹, Wei-Jen Su¹, Wen-Ting Wang¹, Zih-Shuo Huang¹, Jen-Chih Wang¹, Shou-Te Hsu¹, Cheng-Liang Wang¹, Yen-Huei Lai¹, Wan-Tsang Wang Wang¹ 1. AU Optronics Corporation (Taiwan)
	By weak bonding method, the first OLED display with 620℃ LTPS TFT, without PI substrate, formed on a glass substrate is transferred to a non-PI flexible substrate. After transfer, the display image is free from defect and functions normally. The advantages of transferring are shown.
AMD6/AIS8-3 16:00	Invited Novel CMOS-Backplane Technologies for Fine Pixel Pitch and High Image Quality of LCOS Microdisplay *Koichi Amari¹, Tomoaki Honda¹, Takashi Sakairi², Keiichi Maeda², Tsuyoshi Okazaki², Kunihiko Hikichi³, Shunsuke Narui³, Tomoro Yoshinaga² 1. Sony Group Corporation (Japan), 2. Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation (Japan), 3. Sony Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (Japan)
	In this paper, the latest microdisplay development statuses, including the 0.90-inch native 8K panel with 2.6 x 2.6 um pixel, and our unique CMOS LSI-based backplane dedicated technology used in high-performance LCOS devices are introduced.
AMD6/AIS8-4L 16:20	5291-ppi OLED Display Enabled by Monolithic Integration of C-axis-Aligned Crystalline IGZO FET and Si CMOS *Kiyoshi Kato¹, Hidetomo Kobayashi¹, Hideaki Shishido¹, Toshiyuki Isa¹, Tomoya Aoyama¹, Yasuhiro Jimbo¹, Ryota Hodo¹, Koji Kusunoki¹, Hajime Kimura¹, Hitoshi Kunitake¹, Shunpei Yamazaki¹ 1. Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., LTD. (Japan)
	For the first time in the world, we have fabricated OLED display that monolithically integrates Si CMOS, oxide semiconductor FETs, and OLED devices. The panel fabricated is a thin-bezel, > 5000 ppi OLED display with drivers embedded in the display area, enabling area savings of up to approximately 40%

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AMDp1: Active-Matrix Devices

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

AMDp1-1	IGZO TFT Behavior Under X-Ray Irradiation in DXD Panel *Youn-Gyoung Chang¹, Hanseok Lee¹, Youngjin Yi¹, JungJune Kim¹, Jihwan Jung¹, Soyang Choi¹, Kwon-Shik Park¹, JeomJae Kim¹ 1. LG Display (Korea)
	Recently, digital X-ray detector technology is required for realization of high quality and dynamic image and low-dose exposure at X-ray imaging systems. For this purpose, it is trying to apply oxide TFTs for switching device, so it is necessary to study the degradation phenomena of oxide TFTs under the X-ray irradiation.
AMDp1-2	Scan Driver Circuit for Suppressing Degradation of Pull-Down Units Using Depletion-Mode a-IGZO TFTs *Yong-Hoo Hong¹, Eun Kyo Jung¹, Hwarim Im¹, Yong-Sang Kim¹ 1. Sungkyunkwan University (Korea)
	This paper proposes the scan driver circuit for depletion-mode a-IGZO TFTs using AC-driven CLK signals with the capacitive coupling effect for suppressing degradation of pull-down units. Simulation results show the proposed circuit generates stable output in the threshold voltage range from -2.0 V to +5.0 V.
AMDp1-3	Alleviating Leakage Current by Adopting a Source-Follower Structure for AMOLED Displays of Wearable Applications *Sung-Chun Chen¹, Yu-Sheng Lin, Chih-Lung Lin¹ 1. National Cheng Kung University (Taiwan)
	In this work, an 8T2C pixel circuit is proposed for active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays. The proposed circuit can compensate for VDD current-resistance drops, threshold voltage variations and leakage current of thin-film transistors. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed circuit can achieve uniform display images for wearable devices.
AMDp1-4	Compensated Mini-LED Driving Circuit with Matching TFTs for Reducing Power Consumption *Yi-Chen Huang¹, Wei-Sheng Liao, Chih-Lung Lin¹ 1. National Cheng Kung University (Taiwan)
	This work proposes a mini-LED driving circuit compensating for threshold voltage variations of the LTPS-TFTs and VSS I-R rise. The simulation results indicate that the relative current error rates are less than 10%. Therefore, the proposed circuit providing a uniform image is appreciated for mini-LEDs backlight applications.
AMDp1-5	Selective Doping in Drain Region of Amorphous Oxide Thin-Film Transistor by Electrical Stress under Illumination *Himchan Oh¹, Chi-Sun Hwang¹ 1. Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (Korea)
	A unique method to enhance the electrical performance of oxide thin film transistor(TFT) is presented. Photo-induced holes and positively charged oxygen vacancies are attracted to near the drain terminal by applying negative bias to gate and drain electrode under illumination. These positive charges gather electrons to form n+ doped region and thus lower the parasitic resistance. The field-effect mobility increased up to 80% via this...
AMDp1-6	A Novel LTPS Pixel Circuit to Achieve High Uniformity at Low Gary Scale *Huiling Lu¹, Yahui Hou², Lu Zhang², Siwei Xu², Siming Hu² 1. Kunshan New Flat Panel Display Technology Center Co. (China), 2. Kunshan Govisionox Optoelectronics Co. (China)
	A novel LTPS pixel circuit is proposed, which can achieve high uniformity at low gary scale and improve the image quality of displays. Simulation results show that a more complete initialization of OLED device is achieved compared to typical 7T1C circuit, which is more suitable for display at high frame rate and can achieve high uniformity at low gray scale.
AMDp1-7	Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Film Transistor Fabrication with Back-Channel-Oxidized Method *Meng Chen¹, Zhengxin Xu², Zhixiong Jiang¹, Shiyu Dong¹, Hantao Yang¹, Lingzhi Wu², Houkuan Sun², Lei Guo², Wufeng Ren², Wu Cao¹, Hongyuan Xu¹, Jun Seo² 1. TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd (China), 2. Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co., Ltd (China)
	An a-Si:H thin film transistor was fabricated with back-channel-oxidized(BCO) method. The mobility of the BCO TFT was 0.42 cm²/V·s, and stability characteristic is comparable with back-channel-etched(BCE) type TFT. It were studied that different n+ layer thickness, oxidation time and pre-treatment influenced BCO TFT device characteristics.
AMDp1-8L	Investigation of NBIS Degradation Mechanism in Oxide TFT Assisted by Charge Trap Phenomena *Shunsuke Omae¹, Takanori Takahashi¹, Mutshunori Uenuma¹, Yukiharu Uraoka¹ 1. Nara Institute of Science and Technology (Japan)
	IGZO-TFT with CTL was designed to understand the degradation mechanism of NBIS. The TFT showed stable retention characteristics after applying negative Vg with light irradiation. It shows that positive charge is injected to CTL through the tunneling layer. It is suggested that holes are the possible origin of NBIS degradation.

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Workshop on FPD Manufacturing, Materials and Components

Dec. 2	13:30-14:30	PRJ3/FMC1	Optical Component
Dec. 2	15:20-16:40	FMC2	Micro LED Technologies
Dec. 3	9:00-10:20	FMC3/INP6	Aerial Interfaces (1)
Dec. 3	10:50-12:10	INP7/FMC4	Aerial Interfaces (2)
Dec. 3	13:30-14:30	FMC5	New Materials and Components
Dec. 3	15:20-16:40	FLX5/FMC6	Advanced Process and Components for Flexible Electronics
Dec. 3	17:10-18:30	FMC7/AIS9	Display Manufacturing
Dec. 3	17:10-18:30	FMC8	Optical Materials and Devices
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	FMCp1	Display Manufacturing, Display Materials, and Display Optics
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	AISp3/FMCp2	AIS&FMC&AUTO

PRJ3/FMC1: Optical Component

Dec. 2 13:30-14:30

Chair: Hirotsugu Yamamoto (Utsunomiya Univ.)
Co-Chair: Hiroaki Sugiura (Mitsubishi Elec.)

PRJ3/FMC1-1 13:30	Invited Milliwatt-class Green and Blue GaN-based Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers *Kenichi Terao¹, Hitoshi Nagai¹, Daisuke Morita¹, Shingo Masui¹, Tomoya Yanamoto¹, Shin-ichi Nagahama¹ 1. Nichia Corporation (Japan)
	We demonstrated a room-temperature continuous-wave operation of the single-mode green and blue VCSELs with epitaxially grown AlInN/GaN DBRs. Our blue VCSELs show the highest wall-plug efficiency of 13.6% and stable CW operation. Our green VCSELs also provide the highest optical output power exceeding 1.5 mW and wall-plug efficiency of 3.7%.
PRJ3/FMC1-2 13:50	Withdrawn

PRJ3/FMC1-3 14:10	Integrated of LED/Laser-SCP Light Source for High-Output Smart DMD Headlight *Kenneth Li¹, Y. P. Chang², Lion Wang², Stark Tsai², Andy Chen² 1. Optonomous Technologies Inc. (United States of America), 2. Taiwan Color Optics, Inc. (Taiwan)
	In this study, the smart headlight consists of a well-developed, high efficiency, automotive qualified white LED, a TI digit mirror device (DMD), a projection lens, and a LED together with two laser diodes and a SCP plate.

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FMC2: Micro LED Technologies
Special Topics of Interest on Micro/Mini LEDs

Dec. 2 15:20-16:40

Chair: Kalil Käläntär (Global Optical Solutions)
Co-Chair: Yukito Saitoh (Fujifilm)

FMC2-1 15:20	Invited Development of 3,000 ppi RGB Direct Patterning OLED Micro-Display *Chiwoo Kim¹, Jae Hoon Jung¹, Dong Young Sung¹, TaeKyung Kim², Jong Kap Park¹, Doh Hoon Kim¹, Kiro Jung¹ 1. APS Research (Korea), 2. Hongik University (Korea)
	We have developed the 3,000ppi FMM using UV laser patterning technology and the RGB side-by-side OLED micro-display using Si-wafer pixel driving circuits. These two key technologies enable us to realize AR devices with ultra-high pixel resolution, high brightness, long lifetime and high color purity.
FMC2-2 15:40	Invited Feasibility of Low-Cost Micro-LED Manufacturing with Sputtering *Hiroshi Fujioka¹, Kohei Ueno¹, Atsushi Kobayashi¹ 1. The University of Tokyo (Japan)
	We have fabricated RGB InGaN LEDs on low cost substrate such as glass or metal foils by sputtering to investigate the feasibility of Low-Cost Micro-LED Manufacturing. We have also fabricated cascade LED structures with the use of p+n+ tunneling contacts to simplify the fabrication process of micro-LED displays.
FMC2-3 16:00	Micro-LED Mass Transfer - A Future Proof UV Laser Based Process *Oliver Haupt Haupt¹, Jan Brune¹ 1. Coherent LaserSystems GmbH & Co. KG (Germany)
	A large scale MicroLED display consists of millions micron sized LED's. One of the main challenges is the transfer step where the MicroLED's need to be transferred. In this paper the UVtransfer technology will be described which offers such high precision combined with the high throughput needed.
FMC2-4L 16:20	Array of GaN Micro-LED Chips and Monocrystal Si CMOS Pixel Circuit Chips Mounted on Flexible Substrate *Tetsuya Goto¹, Takeshi Okuno², Yoshikazu Suzuki², Koichi Kajiyama², Yoshihiko Muramoto³, Shigetoshi Sugawa¹ 1. Tohoku University (Japan), 2. V-Technology Co., Ltd. (Japan), 3. Nitride Semiconductors Co., Ltd. (Japan)
	This paper proposes new micro-LED display fabrication processes. GaN micro-LED and monocrystal Si CMOS chips with pixel circuit to drive LED are mounted in an array shape on a flexible substrate using laser lift-off processes. The emission intensity of LED could be successfully controlled by pulse-width modulation.

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FMC3/INP6: Aerial Interfaces (1)

Dec. 3 9:00-10:20

Chair: Hirotsugu Yamamoto (Utsunomiya Univ.)
Co-Chair: Hiroshi Haga (Tianma Japan)

FMC3/INP6-1 9:00	Invited Holographically Collimating and Deflecting Array (HoCODA) and its Applications for Touchless Interface *Akira Shirakura¹ 1. Artience Lab Inc. (Japan)
	We present a novel illumination method for Light-guided Holograms, by forming an array of holographic optical elements (HoCODA) in counter-position to the LED array, which collimates and deflects light from each LED to realize ideal propagation within the LGP. A prototype contactless hover touch-screen user-interface device using HoCODA is described.
FMC3/INP6-2 9:20	Invited Aerial Imaging Principle and its Commercializationand Future Developments *Makoto Otsubo¹ 1. Asukanet Co., Ltd. (Japan)
	ASKA3D is a passive optical imaging panel that forms a real image in mid-air. ASKA3D contributes for noncontact interface for use by an unspecified number of people. This paper explains the basic principle of ASKA3D and introduces commercialization examples, application fields, and future development trends.
FMC3/INP6-3 9:40	Interactive and Gesture-Capable 3D Holographic Light Field Display with Registered Interaction between User and Light Volume *Iván Alexis Sánchez Salazar Chavarría¹, Masahiro Yamaguchi¹ 1. Tokyo Institute of Technology (Japan)
	To achieve the registration between the reconstructed content and the position of the user in 3D displays capable of reconstructing a real image in mid-air, we propose a method based on simultaneous use of scattered light detection and a stereo vision-based gesture sensor
FMC3/INP6-4 10:00	Aerial-Imaging Steganography with AIRR by Use of Transparent Objects as Decoding-Keys *Kengo Fujii¹, Hirotsugu Yamamoto¹ 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	A novel steganography technique is realized by utilizing aerial-imaging optical system based on aerial imaging by retro-reflection (AIRR). Transparent objects in a complex shape are placed in plane-symmetrically with respect to the beam splitter in AIRR. Transparent objects of various shapes were used to confirm the decoded aerial images.

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INP7/FMC4: Aerial Interfaces (2)

Dec. 3 10:50-12:10

Chair: Hiroshi Haga (Tianma Japan)
Co-Chair: Hirotsugu Yamamoto (Utsunomiya Univ.)

INP7/FMC4-1 10:50	Resolution Evaluation of Aerial Image Formed with AIRR by Use of Two Transparent Spheres *Haotong Guo¹, Fujii Kengo¹, Masaki Yasugi¹, Hirotsugu Yamamoto¹ 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	This paper reports the modulation transfer function (MTF) for aerial imaging optical system with aerial imaging by retro-reflection (AIRR) by use of two transparent spheres. MTF is measured under different positions of the spheres. Experimental results suggest that placing transparent spheres in specific positions can increase MTF.
INP7/FMC4-2 11:10	Invited Ultrasound Haptic Rendering *Atsushi Matsubayashi¹, Yasutoshi Makino¹, Hiroyuki Shinoda¹ 1. The University of Tokyo (Japan)
	Ultrasound haptics is a technology that uses an array of ultrasound transducers to present tactile sensations remotely on human skin. Since haptic feedback can be given without touching anything to the hand, this technology can provide a clean interface with high operability. Recent studies have shown that ultrasound can represent not only simple tactile stimulation by focus generation, but also various skin sensations that represent...
INP7/FMC4-3 11:30	Invited Development of Capacitive Sensor for Aerial Interface *Katsunari Ashimine^1,2, Hiroshi Shigetaka¹, Tatsumi Fujiyoshi¹, Hirotsugu Yamamoto² 1. Alpsalpine (Japan), 2. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	This paper introduces our development and application of a capacitive sensor to detect hand and finger gestures based on high-sensitivity and noise-robustness sensing technology. Application of the developed capacitive sensor includes a touchless aerial interface.
INP7/FMC4-4 11:50	Invited A Touchless Interactive Display Technology with Human-Body e-Field Detection *Gerald Morrison¹, Steve Sedaker¹, Gary Baum¹ 1. SigmaSense LLC (United States of America)
	A new software-defined sensing technology that detects the human body e-field with higher SNR and sensitivity than found in today's PCap touch controllers is presented. Enhanced capabilities “see” the human body 4-5 feet in front of the display and the hand can be identified up to 2 feet away.

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FMC5: New Materials and Components

Dec. 3 13:30-14:30

Chair: Toshimitsu Tsuzuki (NHK)
Co-Chair: Atsuko Yamamoto (Merck Electronics)

FMC5-1 13:30	Dissolution Mechanism of High Refractive Index Organic Monomer *Daichi Tanaka¹, Ryutaro Sugawara¹, Takuro Asaba¹, Naohiko Ikuma¹, Dai Shiota¹ 1. Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. (Japan)
	Recently, Triazine monomer has been focused on as a high refractive material. However, this material is often challenged by its insolubility. We clarified the dissolution mechanism by molecular dynamics calculations and designed molecules to improve the solubility.
FMC5-2 13:50	Zr-doped Silica-based Planar Lightwave Circuits with High Resistance Against Blue Light *Yuji Fujiwara¹, Junji Sakamoto¹, Toshikazu Hashimoto¹, Kei Watanabe¹ 1. NTT Corporation (Japan)
	To expand applications of PLCs, we investigated the resistance of Zr-doped PLCs against high-power blue laser light. Zr-doped PLCs showed effective refractive index change of less than 1/10 of that of conventional PLCs. It is small enough for practical use, which requires over 10 mW blue light.
FMC5-3 14:10	Examination of Deblur Processing for Full-Color Aerial Image According to the Light Wavelength *Hayato Kikuta^1,2, Hirotsugu Yamamoto² 1. Mitsubishi Electric Corp. (Japan), 2. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	This paper proposes a deblurring an aerial image that changes with each optical wavelength. We have measured the point spread function (PSF) for each light wavelength. Simulated results show possibility of deblurring the aerial image by applying the deconvolution processing based on the obtained PSF.

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FLX5/FMC6: Advanced Process and Components for Flexible Electronics

Dec. 3 15:20-16:40

Chair: Toshimasa Eguchi (Sumitomo Bakelite)
Co-Chair: Makoto Arai (ULVAC)

FLX5/FMC6-1 15:20	Roll-to-Roll Fabrication for OLED Lighting Using Ultra-Thin Glass Substrate and Encapsulating Stainless Steel Foil *Tadahiro Furukawa¹, Jacqueline Hauptmann², Tomoki Nakagaki³, Ryosuke Ikeuchi ³, Masahiko Sagawa³, Daisuke Nagata⁴, Jun Nakatsuka⁵ 1. Yamagata University (Japan), 2. Fraunhofer FEP (Germany), 3. Mitsuboshi Diamond Industrial Co., Ltd. (Japan), 4. Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. (Japan), 5. NIPPON STEEL Chemical & Material CO., LTD. (Japan)
	We fabricated OLED lighting on ultra-thin glass using the Roll-to-Roll method. After deposition of the organic layer, the lighting devices were encapsulated with stainless steel foil and then cut. OLED Lighting with this structure had high reliability and did not break when the device was bent.
FLX5/FMC6-2 15:40	Protection of OLED Lighting with Ultra-Thin Glass by Special Silicone Gel *Masanori Natsuka¹, Yousuke Ono¹, Hiroshi Mataki¹, Shoko Usui², Haruka Suzuki², Masanori Abe², Tadahiro Furukawa² 1. Taica Corporation (Japan), 2. Yamagata University (Japan)
	We have developed OLED lighting using ultra-thin glass. Ultra-thin glass is very useful substrate for OLEDs. However, ultra-thin glass has the disadvantage that it breaks easily. It has been found that protecting the ultra-thin glass surface of OLED lighting products with silicone gel improves mechanical durability.
FLX5/FMC6-3 16:00	Role of Boron in Amorphous-InGaZnO Film for Resistance Control Technique *Keisuke Yasuta¹, Toshimasa Ui¹, Tomokazu Nagao¹, Daisuke Matsuo², Toshihiko Sakai², Yoshitaka Setoguchi², Eiji Takahashi², Yasunori Andoh², Junichi Tatemichi¹ 1. Nissin Ion Equipment Co., Ltd. (Japan), 2. Nissin Electric Co., LTd. (Japan)
	As a next-generation electronics material, amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) film devices were investigated. In order to further utilize a-IGZO films, we carried out boron ion implantation and analyzed the implanted a-IGZO using Hall measurements with wet etching processes. As a result, we clarified that the implanted boron decreases a-IGZO resistance.
FLX5/FMC6-4L 16:20	Highly Stretchable Metal Oxide TFTs Array Using Acrylic Adhesive for Deformable Display Applications *Masashi Miyakawa¹, Hiroshi Tsuji¹, Mitsuru Nakata¹ 1. NHK (Japan)
	Stretchable electronics are a promising technology for bringing in a new style of display applications. We demonstrate a high-performance stretchable metal oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) array using an acrylic adhesive structure. The TFTs array exhibit stable electrical performance under 50% strain and excellent switching characteristics.

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FMC7/AIS9: Display Manufacturing

Dec. 3 17:10-18:30

Chair: Takao Tomono (Toppan)
Co-Chair: Kazuhiro Osato (Zeon)

FMC7/AIS9-1 17:10	Invited High Resolution Printing of Conducting Lines in μm Range Aneta Wiatrowska¹, Piotr Kowalczewski¹, Karolina Fiaczyk¹, Lukasz Witczak¹, Jolanta Gadzalinska¹, Mateusz Lysien¹, Ludovic Schneider¹, *Filip Granek¹ 1. XTPL S.A. (Poland)
	We demonstrate an ultra-precise deposition (UPD) technology for fabrication of next-generation displays. UPD allows deposition of highly-concentrated silver inks (up to 85% wt. of solid content) on complex substrates. The printed feature size is from 1 to 10 μm, with the electrical conductivity up to 40% of the bulk value.
FMC7/AIS9-2 17:30	Cu Process Development in 50 inch UHD 120 Hz LCD TVs Integrated GOA Gate Driver Circuit using Halftone Photolithography Four-Mask a-Si TFT Architecture Technology *An-thung Cho¹, Wen-bing Wu¹, Hao Dong¹ 1. ChuZhou HKC Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. (China)
	A mechanism of high doped N+ film was used to lower the contact resistance between metal and semiconductor to achieve ohmic contact in 4-mask process. In this article, the improvement mechanism to reduce contact resistance by using high doped N+ layer will be investigated in conjunction with energy level diagram.
FMC7/AIS9-3 17:50	Development of Highly Heat-Resistant, Dry-Etchable Blackening Film for TFT Wiring *Daisuke Kaneko¹, Keita Umemoto¹, Hiromi Nakazawa¹, Shin Okano¹, Yukiya Sugiuchi¹, Takeshi Ohtomo¹ 1. Mitsubishi Materials Corporation (Japan)
	We developed blackening material to enhance the heat resistance targeting to LTPS TFTs wiring. Moreover, we investigated the influence of deposition conditions for film properties. Lastly, we also discussed properties of TFT when the blackening material applied to not only the gate electrode but also source/drain electrode.
FMC7/AIS9-4 18:10	High Resolution Array Tester for Flat Panel Display Using Proximity Capacitance Image Sensor *Toshiro Yasuda¹, Kazuhisa Kobayashi¹, Yuichi Yamamoto¹, Hiroshi Hamori¹, Akinobu Teramoto², Rihito Kuroda³, Shigetoshi Sugawa³ 1. OHT Inc. (Japan), 2. Hiroshima University (Japan), 3. Tohoku University (Japan)
	An array tester technology using a proximity capacitance image sensor with high resolution and high speed performance identifying electrically positions and types of defects on flat panel substrates are discussed. Some results of defects on lines and pixel-electrodes on LCD and Mini-LED panels using the array tester are demonstrated.

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FMC8: Optical Materials and Devices

Dec. 3 17:10-18:30

Chair: Kalil Käläntär (Global Optical Solutions)
Co-Chair: Daisuke Ogomi (Nitto Denko)

FMC8-1L 17:10	Development of Wavelength-Selective Transmission and Reflection Film for 2D-Backlight with Blue Mini-LEDs *Masaki Yamamuro¹, Ryan Fabick², Mark Lu³, Hideaki Shirotori¹, Fumihisa Hamzawa¹ 1. 3M Japan Innovation Limited (Japan), 2. 3M Company (United States of America), 3. 3M Taiwan (Taiwan)
	Two dimensional backlights with blue mini-LEDs and a color conversion film is currently regarded as the leading technology in LCD market to achieve high color gamut and High Dynamic Range (HDR). To improve the backlight efficiency, 3M launched 3M Blue Light Transmission film (BLT) which transmits blue light and reflects green and red light based on Multi-layer Optical Film technology and has developed BLT-V2 to...
FMC8-2L 17:30	Infrared Mirror Film for Outdoor Display Application Protection from Solar Heat *Jihoon Yu¹, Matt Johnson², Ryan Fabick², Quinn Sanford² 1. 3M Korea Ltd. (Korea), 2. 3M DMSD (United States of America)
	3M’s Multilayer Optical Film (MOF) technology is the basis for 3M’s IR mirror film solution targeted for outdoor displays which are exposed to direct sunlight. 3M’s IR mirror film can lower display device temperature by reflecting near IR from sunlight and protect the device from heat damage by solar energy absorption. It provides minimum display quality impact with high visible ray transmission and neutral color performance.
FMC8-3L 17:50	Development of High Refractive Index Materials Including Nanofiller and Having Light Extraction and Gapfill Property Expected to Be Applied to AR/VR *Michihito Takahashi¹, Hiroki Chisaka¹, Yoichiro Ijima¹, Kazuki Urakawa¹, Atsushi Yamanouchi¹, Dai Shiota¹, Katsumi Ohmori¹ 1. Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. (Japan)
	Organic-inorganic HRI materials 2.3 times improved the luminance of OLED by stacking HRI materials layer which is made by inkjet and exposure process. Moreover HRI materials were embedded into uneven structures by using small filler. These properties are expected to optical control of OLED and application of AR/VR.
FMC8-4L 18:10	Factors Affecting the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) in Polarized Aerial Imaging by Retro-Reflection (p-AIRR) *Kazuaki Takiyama¹, Haotong Guo¹, Masaki Yasugi¹, Shiro Suyama¹, Hirotsugu Yamamoto¹ 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	We will elucidate the factors that influence the MTF of aerial imaging by retro-reflection using polarization modulation (p-AIRR). The MTF decreased as the angle of incidence increased and the floating distance increased. Polarization rotation angle change has no significant difference in MTF.

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FMCp1: Display Manufacturing, Display Materials, and Display Optics

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

FMCp1-1	Wavelength Dispersion Control of Three-Dimensional Birefringence in Retardation Film for VA-LCD *Tsuyoshi Ohyama¹, Yoshihiro Yokote¹, Atsushi Sato¹, Masahiro Ito², Mika Kobayashi², Kohki Takatoh² 1. SAMSUNG R&D INSTITUTE JAPAN (Japan), 2. Sanyo-Onoda City University (Japan)
	We developed a method to independently control the wavelength dispersion of in-plane birefringence and vertical birefringence of retardation film. As a result, we realized new retardation film with reverse wave dispersion in the plane and flat wavelength dispersion in the thickness direction.
FMCp1-2	Design and Evaluation of Thermal Conductive Sheet Structure for Enhancing Thermal Stability of Transparent OLED *Se-Min Lee^1,2, Ju-Won Jung¹, Young-Joo Kim¹ 1. Yonsei University (Korea), 2. LG Display, Co., Ltd. (Korea)
	In the transparent OLED displays, both characteristics for optical and thermal uniformity are strongly required. To realize high thermal conductivity with low loss of transparency, we proposed and optimized a thermal-conductive sheet structure. After fabricating the sheet, the optical and thermal characteristics were evaluated experimentally to confirm the effectiveness of new proposed thermal-conductive sheet in the transparent OLED displays.
FMCp1-3	Improvement of Lithography Process Capability under Limit Pitch Design in TFT-LCD Devices *Lihua Zheng¹, Xuexin Lan¹, Jiancan Lin¹, Chao Deng¹, Jie Lin¹, Guozhao Chen¹, Junyi Li¹ 1. Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co., Ltd. (China)
	Full-screen-display with line pitch 4µm was developed and fabricated successfully under Nikon 68s lithography system with normal mask. Key parameters including PR THK and taper through lithography process were studied. Finally, we have realized the mass production of pitch 4um lithography process and the capacity is increased by 30%.
FMCp1-4	Design and Fabrication of Angular Filter Film for CGH Display *Chun-Ying Lin¹, Wen-Kai Lin^1,2, Shao-Kui Zhou^1,2, Fu-Li Hsiao¹, Cen-Shawn Wu¹, Wei-Chia Su¹ 1. National Changhua University of Education (Taiwan), 2. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (Taiwan)
	This topic analyzed the production and design of angular filter film. This element was designed to filter out the noise of the dynamic computer-generated holographic display. It could miniaturize the whole system to replace the original system which was larger.
FMCp1-5	Fabrication of Line Electrodes on Oblique Surface of Micro-LED Pixels and Impact on Their Characteristics *Hiroyoshi Chikui¹, Takeyoshi Onuma¹, Tomohiro Yamaguchi¹, Tohru Honda¹ 1. Kogakuin University (Japan)
	Blue color micro-LEDs were fabricated by monolithic integration method, and line electrodes were fabricated on oblique surface. Their current-voltage and emission characteristics are discussed for further improvement in device performance.
FMCp1-6	Analysis and Improvement on the Abnormal Alignment at Au Conduction Points in Narrow Border Product *Xia Zhang¹, Gang Liu¹, Chung-Ching Hsieh¹, Juncheng Xiao¹ 1. Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. (China)
	In this Paper, it is found abnormal alignment during the picture quality test in narrow border products, showing era Mura. The cause has been analysised, and the mechanism has been studied, furthermore, several improvement methods has been proposed.
FMCp1-7	The Study on Improving Light Leakage of Ultra Narrow Bezel Displays *Xintong Wang¹, Bai Bai¹, Lang Xiao¹, Chung-Ching Hsieh¹, Juncheng Xiao¹ 1. Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., L td (China)
	This paper mainly describes several feasible ways to improve peripheral light leakage of ultra narrow bezel displays by altering position and height of dummy seal.
FMCp1-8L	Realization of Interactive Aerial Buttons Using a Combination of Arc 3D Display and 3D Sensors *Ikuya Saji¹, Yusuke Miyai², Yasuhiro Kashihara², Atsushi Hayashi², Shiro Suyama¹, Hirotsugu Yamamoto¹ 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan), 2. NSC Co., Ltd. (Japan)
	We propose and develop an aerial button with continuous motion parallax. Aerial button is realized by combining Arc 3D display composed of many arc-shaped grooves and 3D sensor of hand motion. The aerial button has been successfully operated over a wide viewing zone because of continuous motion parallax and 3D sensor.
FMCp1-9L	Near Infrared Photolithography and its Photoresist *Akihiko Igawa¹, Ming-Ann Hsu² 1. eChem Solutions Japan Inc. (Japan), 2. Consistent Electronic Materials Inc. (Taiwan)
	Novel photolithography using NIR (Near Infrared) exposure and its photoresist are developed. Using NIR’s extreme high transparency to photoresist polymer layer, photoresist with very high photosensitivity and vertical profile can be achieved. Adding organic black pigment that blocks UV/Visible light but is transparent to NIR, a black photoresist with vertical profile and high film thickness can be made.

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AISp3/FMCp2: AIS&FMC&AUTO
Special Topics of Interest on Automotive Displays

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

AISp3/FMCp2-1

Development of Dynamic Information Fusion Interactive System on Direct-View Transparent Display in Vehicle Application
*Hong Ming Dai¹, Tzu Yi Yu¹, Chien Ju Lee¹, Yu Hsiang Tsai ¹, Kuan Ting Chen¹
1. ITRI/Electronic and Optoelectronic System Research Laboratories (Taiwan)

In this research, we have developed dynamic information fusion interactive system with transparent display applied in the mobile field. The dynamic information fusion interactive system integrate four main technologies: gaze tracking, relative position acquisition, fusion information mapping and visual field tracking adaptive information generation. For the part of visual field tracking adaptive information generation, we let the position and numbers of fusion information change as...

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Workshop on Inorganic Emissive Display and Phosphors

Dec. 2	9:00-10:20	PH1	EL devices
Dec. 2	10:50-11:50	PH2/OLED3	QD Material & Devices
Dec. 2	13:30-14:30	OLED4/PH3	QD Display & Devices
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	PHp1	Phosphor for General

PH1: EL devices

Dec. 2 9:00-10:20

Chair: Kotoku Ohmi (Tottori Univ.)
Co-Chair: Kazuhiko Hara (Shizuoka Univ.)

PH1-1 9:00	Invited Eu-Doped GaN-Based Red LEDs as a Key Technology for Micro-LED Displays with Ultrahigh Resolution *Yasufumi Fujiwara¹, Shuhei Ichikawa¹, Dolf Timmerman¹, Jun Tatebayashi¹ 1. Osaka University (Japan)
	A novel red LED using Eu-doped GaN is a promising component for next-generation display with ultrasmall-size, full-color, and high-resolution. The LED exhibits narrow-band red emission and the wavelength is almost independent of ambient temperature and injected current. The size dependence of emission efficiency is negligibly small compared with conventional AlInGaP-based red LEDs. We also demonstrated monolithic integration of vertically stacked full-color LEDs.
PH1-2 9:40	Invited Micro-LEDs: from device physics to novel displays *Aurelien David¹ 1. Google (United States of America)
	Micro-LED display requirements are pushing LED technology into uncharted territory. We discuss the properties of the two main LED material families, review the latest progress in understanding their device physics, and explain what challenges lie ahead to enable novel displays.

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PH2/OLED3: QD Material & Devices
Special Topics of Interest on Quantum Dot Technologies

Dec. 2 10:50-11:50

Chair: Kazuhiko Hara (Shizuoka Univ.)
Co-Chair: Yasunori Kijima (Huawei Techs. Japan)

PH2/OLED3-1 10:50	Invited Improvement of Color Chromaticity and Efficiency in Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes by Using Emitting Layer Composed with Quantum Dot and Carrier Transporting Material *Toshimitsu Tsuzuki¹, Genichi Motomura¹, Yukiko Iwasaki¹ 1. NHK (Japan)
	We developed cadmium-free quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) whose emitting layers are composed of QDs and an organic electron-transporting material. Wide area coverage (~80%) of color reproduction area specified in Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020 was achieved by fabricated red, green, and blue QD-LEDs.
PH2/OLED3-2 11:10	Invited Operation Mechanism and Efficiency-limiting Factors in Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes *Hiroyoshi Naito¹ 1. Osaka Prefecture University (Japan)
	Efficiency limiting factors and operation mechanism of quantum dots light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are studied by means of machine learning, device simulation and experiments. The factors and the mechanism of QLEDs are shown and the importance of the characterization of the electronic transport properties of QLEDs is also shown.
PH2/OLED3-3 11:30	Invited CsPbBr₃ Embedded Cs₄PbBr₆ Nanocrystals for the Application in Electroluminescent Emitters and Mini-LEDs *Ru-Shi Liu¹ 1. Nat. Taiwan Univ. (Taiwan)
	Zero-dimensional perovskite-based nanocrystals (NCs) of CsPbBr₃ embedded Cs₄PbBr₆(CsPbBr₃@Cs₄PbBr₆) are becoming the most attractive material due to their excellent optical performance and better stability compared with high-dimensional perovskites. The as-synthesized CsPbBr₃@Cs₄PbBr₆ NCs can be used to fabricate quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) devices and mini LEDs.

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OLED4/PH3: QD Display & Devices
Special Topics of Interest on Quantum Dot Technologies

Dec. 2 13:30-14:30

Chair: Toshiaki Ikuta (JNC)
Co-Chair: Kazuhiko Hara (Shizuoka Univ.)

OLED4/PH3-1 13:30	Invited Realizing High Performance Quantum Dots Light Emitting Diodes (QLEDs) Through the Novel Device Structure and Transporting Materials *Longjia Wu¹, Wenjun Hou¹, Likuan Zhou¹, Yiran Yan¹, Xiongfeng Lin¹, Tianshuo Zhang¹, Jianchao Ge¹, Zizhe Lu¹, Jin Wang¹, Yixing Yang¹, Xiaolin Yan¹ 1. TCL Research (China)
	The lifetime problem of blue QLEDs is the most challenging issue in QLED, and the performance of green QLEDs also need to be improved to meet the requirement of commercialization. In this work, great progress of green/blue QLEDs has been implemented by using top emitting structure and modifying transporting materials.
OLED4/PH3-2 13:50	Invited Stability Study in Cd-free Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Kyunghwan Kim¹, Jaeyoul Kim¹, *Jeonghun Kwak¹ 1. Seoul National University (Korea)
	Although Cd-free quantum dots (QDs) are considered a promising candidate for QD-based light-emitting diodes (QLEDs), poor operational stability should be further improved for their practical utilization in display devices. Here we studied the mechanisms related to the operational stability in Cd-free QLEDs.
OLED4/PH3-3 14:10	Mixed Single Layer-Based Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes with the Substrate Temperature Variation of ZnO Layer *BISWAS MOHAMMAD MOSTAFIZUR RAHMAN¹, HIROYUKI OKADA¹ 1. University of Toyama (Japan)
	Mixed single layer-based quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) was fabricated using the sputtered ZnO layer, where the substrate temperature was varied from RT to 200℃ to improve the electrical properties and device performances. Maximum power efficiency of 5.01 lm/W, current efficiency of 5.58 cd/A, and external quantum efficiency of 2.41% was achieved for the fabricated QLED.

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PHp1: Phosphor for General

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

PHp1-1L	Large Surface Nanostructured Zinc Oxide Thin Film Phosphor Fabrication on Different Conductive Substrates *Chaoyang LI¹, Yudai Ueno¹, Su Wai Htet¹ 1. Kochi University of Technology (Japan)
	Zinc oxide thin film phosphor was fabricated on different conductive substrates. The uniformly and vertically aligned zinc oxide nanorods were formed on crystalline substrates by the reducing annealing process. The much intensive blue-green emission was observed from nanostructured zinc oxide on aluminum doped zinc oxide substrate.
PHp1-2L	Effect of Luminescent Properties of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇:Eu on Rare-Earth Ion Doping *Tomohiro Kawashima¹, Koki Nie¹, Hiroko Kominami¹, Kazuhiko Hara¹ 1. Shizuoka University (Japan)
	Depending on the matrix composition, the emission spectra could be controlled, but the afterglow properties were reduced. Thermoluminescence measurements of Sr₂MgSi₂O₇:Eu doped with various rare-earth elements suggest that deeper levels than the domestic peak affect the afterglow properties.
PHp1-3L	Study of luminescence and Morphology of LnF₃:Ce³⁺(Ln: Y, La) Nanoparticles *Anastasiia Dorokhina^1,2, Hiroko Kominanmi¹, Vadim Bakhmetyev², Maxim M. Sychov², Toru Aoki³, Hisashi Morii³ 1. Shizuoka University (Japan), 2. Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) (Russia), 3. ANSeeN Inc. (Japan)
	To obtain nanophosphors LaF₃:Ce³⁺ and YF₃:Ce³⁺ with UV luminescence spectra and particle sizes less than 100 nm, the hydrothermal method was used. The optimal composition of the phosphor and the optimal concentration of cerium have been determined. The effect of various stabilizers on morphology and luminescent properties has been studied.
PHp1-4L	Effect of High-Pressure Liquid Phase Synthesis of Deep Red Emitting Mg₂TiO₄:Mn *Masayuki Endo¹, Naoki Uesugi¹, Hiroko Kominami¹, Kazuhiko Hara¹ 1. Shizuoka University (Japan)
	In this study, we attempted to synthesize deep-red luminescent Mg₂TiO₄:Mn under pressure and investigated the effect of the process on the phase formation. As a result, the formation of seed crystals under pressure was considered to be effective in controlling the particle size.
PHp1-5L	Investigation of Solid-State Devices Using Deep-Ultraviolet Emitting ZnAl₂O₄Thin Film *Naoki Sonoda¹, Kosuke Inoue¹, Hiroko Kominami¹, Kazuhiko Hara¹, Shunsuke Kurosawa² 1. Shizuoka University (Japan), 2. Tohoku University (Japan)
	ZnO films were deposited on sapphire substrates by magnetron sputtering and annealed to produce zinc aluminate (ZnAl₂O₄) deep ultraviolet emitting phosphor thin films by mutual thermal diffusion between film and substrate. We explored the annealing temperature and time to find the optimum conditions in terms of luminescence intensity.

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Workshop on OLED Displays and Related Technologies

Dec. 1	16:40-18:00	OLED1	OLED Material
Dec. 2	9:00-10:15	OLED2	OLED Display
Dec. 2	10:50-11:50	PH2/OLED3	QD Material & Devices
Dec. 2	13:30-14:30	OLED4/PH3	QD Display & Devices
Dec. 2	15:20-16:35	OLED5	Advanced Technology
Dec. 3	10:50-12:05	OLED6	Flexible OLED
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	OLEDp1	OLED Technologies
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	OLEDp2	QD Devices

OLED1: OLED Material

Dec. 1 16:40-18:00

Chair: Kengo Kishino (Idemitsu Kosan)
Co-Chair: Ken-ichi Nakayama (Osaka Univ.)

OLED1-1 16:40	Invited Kinetic Prediction of Reverse Intersystem Crossing in Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials *Naoya Aizawa¹, Yu Harabuchi^2,3, Satoshi Maeda^2,3, Yong-Jin Pu⁴ 1. Osaka University (Japan), 2. Hokkaido University (Japan), 3. Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) (Japan), 4. RIKEN (Japan)
	We demonstrate a theoretical expression that successfully reproduces rate constants of reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) ranging over five orders of magnitude in twenty different molecules exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF).
OLED1-2 17:00	Invited Design of High Performance Organic Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Dendrimer Emitters for Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Dianming Sun¹, Anna Köhler², *Eli Zysman-Colman¹ 1. University of St Andrews (UK), 2. University of Bayreuth (Germany)
	We report a family of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) dendrimers that exhibit both vanishingly small singlet-triplet gaps and large oscillator strengths. Host-free green solution-processed OLEDs show outstanding maximum external quantum efficiencies of up to 28.7%, current efficiencies of 98.8 cd A^-1 and power efficiencies of 91.3 lm W^-1.
OLED1-3 17:20	Invited Development of TADF/RTP-Active Multi-Photofunctional Organic Emitters *Youhei Takeda¹ 1. Osaka University (Japan)
	In 2014, we discovered a skeletal rearrangement of BINAMs to provide dibenzo[a,j]phenazines (DBPHZs). By making use of DBPHZs, we have succeeded in developing multi-photofunctional organic emitters based on DBPHZ-cored twisted D–A type molecules, displaying efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence, high-contrast conformation-dictated multi-color-changing mechanochromic luminescence, and room-temperature phosphorescence.
OLED1-4 17:40	Stable Pure-Blue Hyperfluorescence OLEDs *Chin-Yiu Chan¹, Yi-Ting Lee¹, Masaki Tanaka¹, Yiu-Wing Wong¹, Hajime Nakanotani¹, Chihaya Adachi¹ 1. Kyushu University (Japan)
	Pure-blue hyperfluorescence (HF) OLEDs with high-efficiency, narrow-emission and good stability have been demonstrated. The design is based on a two-unit stacked tandem HF-OLED with an improved singlet-excited energy transfer process from a sky-blue TADF assistant dopant to a pure-blue terminal emitter.

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OLED2: OLED Display

Dec. 2 9:00-10:15

Chair: Takahisa Shimizu (NHK)
Co-Chair: Takahiro Komatsu (JOLED)

OLED2-1 9:00	Invited Latest Development of Soluble OLED Materials and its Application to Mid- to Large-sized Panel Production. *Daisuke Fukushima¹ 1. Sumitomo Chemical Co. (Japan)
	We present the latest status of high performance OLED material development based on conjugated polymer technologies. The material which shows high performance is very suitable for printed OLED panel fabrication. New materials for higher resolution panel fabrication have been developed and they provide wider application of IJP devices.
OLED2-2 9:20	Invited Latest Technology of Ink Jet Printed OLEDs with Small Molecule Based Emission Layers *Koichiro Iida¹, Kazuki Okabe¹, Kazuhiro Nagayama¹, Yuki Oshima¹, Yoshimasa Bando¹ 1. Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (Japan)
	We are accelerating the development of inks for the printed OLEDs. Small molecules including electron or hole transport type for EML and polymers with reduced the molecular weight for HIL/HTL have been developed as the best practice for high-resolution panels. Further, no-diffusible p-dopants and deep-red emitter have been developed.
OLED2-3 9:40	Invited The Introduction of Ink-Jet Printing Technology Progress *Ming-Hung Hsu¹, Kangjian Miao¹, Huai-Ting Shih¹, Zhaokang Fan¹, Qing Dai¹ 1. Hefei BOE Joint Technology Co. Ltd. (China)
	Top emission RGB hybrid tandem OLED devices with first RGB devices in solution process and a second evaporated common blue device will be introduced in this paper. The blue emission of green and red tandem devices can be removed by introducing color filters for the panel application to reach high color gamut with DCI-P3 (CIE1976) in 98.3%. Through the addition of common evaporated process blue device onto the solution processed...
OLED2-4L 10:00	Research on Heat Dissipation Method of Active-Matrix Organic-Light Emitting Diode in Automotive Applications *Xing Huang¹, Hang Dong¹, Zhengmao Yu¹, Lin Zhang¹, Chengjie Zhao¹, Qiang Li¹, Wenjie Hu¹, Youxiong Feng¹ 1. BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. (China)
	Temperature rise is a key factor affecting the performance and user experience of automotive organic-light emitting diodes. By systematically studying the heat source, heat dissipation path and stacking structure, the effective methods are sorted out with the maximum temperature rise of module significantly reduced to15 ℃ at room temperature.

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PH2/OLED3: QD Material & Devices
Special Topics of Interest on Quantum Dot Technologies

Dec. 2 10:50-11:50

Chair: Kazuhiko Hara (Shizuoka Univ.)
Co-Chair: Yasunori Kijima (Huawei Techs. Japan)

PH2/OLED3-1 10:50	Invited Improvement of Color Chromaticity and Efficiency in Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes by Using Emitting Layer Composed with Quantum Dot and Carrier Transporting Material *Toshimitsu Tsuzuki¹, Genichi Motomura¹, Yukiko Iwasaki¹ 1. NHK (Japan)
	We developed cadmium-free quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) whose emitting layers are composed of QDs and an organic electron-transporting material. Wide area coverage (~80%) of color reproduction area specified in Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020 was achieved by fabricated red, green, and blue QD-LEDs.
PH2/OLED3-2 11:10	Invited Operation Mechanism and Efficiency-limiting Factors in Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes *Hiroyoshi Naito¹ 1. Osaka Prefecture University (Japan)
	Efficiency limiting factors and operation mechanism of quantum dots light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are studied by means of machine learning, device simulation and experiments. The factors and the mechanism of QLEDs are shown and the importance of the characterization of the electronic transport properties of QLEDs is also shown.
PH2/OLED3-3 11:30	Invited CsPbBr₃ Embedded Cs₄PbBr₆ Nanocrystals for the Application in Electroluminescent Emitters and Mini-LEDs *Ru-Shi Liu¹ 1. Nat. Taiwan Univ. (Taiwan)
	Zero-dimensional perovskite-based nanocrystals (NCs) of CsPbBr₃ embedded Cs₄PbBr₆(CsPbBr₃@Cs₄PbBr₆) are becoming the most attractive material due to their excellent optical performance and better stability compared with high-dimensional perovskites. The as-synthesized CsPbBr₃@Cs₄PbBr₆ NCs can be used to fabricate quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) devices and mini LEDs.

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OLED4/PH3: QD Display & Devices
Special Topics of Interest on Quantum Dot Technologies

Dec. 2 13:30-14:30

Chair: Toshiaki Ikuta (JNC)
Co-Chair: Kazuhiko Hara (Shizuoka Univ.)

OLED4/PH3-1 13:30	Invited Realizing High Performance Quantum Dots Light Emitting Diodes (QLEDs) Through the Novel Device Structure and Transporting Materials *Longjia Wu¹, Wenjun Hou¹, Likuan Zhou¹, Yiran Yan¹, Xiongfeng Lin¹, Tianshuo Zhang¹, Jianchao Ge¹, Zizhe Lu¹, Jin Wang¹, Yixing Yang¹, Xiaolin Yan¹ 1. TCL Research (China)
	The lifetime problem of blue QLEDs is the most challenging issue in QLED, and the performance of green QLEDs also need to be improved to meet the requirement of commercialization. In this work, great progress of green/blue QLEDs has been implemented by using top emitting structure and modifying transporting materials.
OLED4/PH3-2 13:50	Invited Stability Study in Cd-free Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Kyunghwan Kim¹, Jaeyoul Kim¹, *Jeonghun Kwak¹ 1. Seoul National University (Korea)
	Although Cd-free quantum dots (QDs) are considered a promising candidate for QD-based light-emitting diodes (QLEDs), poor operational stability should be further improved for their practical utilization in display devices. Here we studied the mechanisms related to the operational stability in Cd-free QLEDs.
OLED4/PH3-3 14:10	Mixed Single Layer-Based Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes with the Substrate Temperature Variation of ZnO Layer *BISWAS MOHAMMAD MOSTAFIZUR RAHMAN¹, HIROYUKI OKADA¹ 1. University of Toyama (Japan)
	Mixed single layer-based quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) was fabricated using the sputtered ZnO layer, where the substrate temperature was varied from RT to 200℃ to improve the electrical properties and device performances. Maximum power efficiency of 5.01 lm/W, current efficiency of 5.58 cd/A, and external quantum efficiency of 2.41% was achieved for the fabricated QLED.

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OLED5: Advanced Technology

Dec. 2 15:20-16:35

Chair: Masaya Adachi (Japan Display)
Co-Chair: Yutaka Noguchi (Meiji Univ.)

OLED5-1 15:20	Invited Ultra-Low Power/ High Brightness OLED Microdisplays for Connected Eyewear *Sebastien Guillamet¹, Gunther Haas¹ 1. Microoled (France)
	OLED-Microdisplays are widely used in near-to-the-eye visualization systems such as head-mounted displays (HMDs) or electronic viewfinders (EVF) thanks to their superior image quality and power efficiency. Recently, they entered the market of wearable Augmented Reality (AR) where high brightness combined with good lifetime and low-power consumption remain a major challenge.
OLED5-2 15:40	From Molecule to Device: Predictive Simulations for OLEDs *Arthur Vauzelle¹, Christoph Hauenstein¹, Engin Torun¹, Ruud Gijsen¹, Siebe van Mensfoort¹, Harm van Eersel¹, Stefano Gottardi¹ 1. Simbeyond B.V (Netherlands)
	Simbeyond’s progress towards achieving a complete end-to-end predictive device simulator from the molecule up to the device scale is briefly presented.
OLED5-3 16:00	Simulating Optical and Electrical Pixel Cross-Talk in WOLED/CF Displays *Sandra Jenatsch¹, Chun-Yu Chou¹, Roman Hiestand¹, Urs Aeberhard¹, Beat Ruhstaller^1,2 1. Fluxim AG (Switzerland), 2. Zurich University of Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
	We employ the simulation software Laoss to quantitatively analyze optical and electrical cross-talk in white organic light-emitting diode (WOLED) / color filter (CF) displays. Optical light leakage is found to be highly influenced by the topography of the pixel definition layer (PDL) while it only shows little correlation with some OLED parameters, such as the emitter orientation. Electro-optical simulations exemplify the importance of electrical and...
OLED5-4L 16:20	Invited Electron Injection/Transport Mechanism in OLEDs Unraveled by Producing Ultralow-Work-Function Electrodes *Hirohiko Fukagawa¹ 1. NHK (Japan)
	It was found that the work function of aluminum can be reduced to about 2.0 eV by utilizing a superbase. This extremely low work function enabled us to gain a complete understanding of the electron injection/transport mechanism in organic light-emitting diodes.

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OLED6: Flexible OLED

Dec. 3 10:50-12:05

Chair: Yoshimasa Sakai (Mitsubishi Chem.)
Co-Chair: Yoshinori Fukuda (Futaba)

OLED6-1 10:50	Invited Ultra-Flexible Organic Light Emitting Diodes for Bio-medical Application *Tomoyuki Yokota¹ 1. The University of Tokyo (Japan)
	We developed an ultrathin, flexible, OLED device and demonstrated the activations of the neurons in animals. Optical stimulation from the OLED attached to nerve fibers evoked contractions in the innervated muscles. Mechanical damage to the tissues was significantly reduced because of the flexibility.
OLED6-2 11:10	Invited Wearable OLEDs: from Form-factor Engineering to Biomedical Applications *Seunghyup Yoo¹, Hyeonwoo Lee¹, Eungjun Kim¹, Taehyun Kim¹, Seunghee Lee¹, Junho Kim¹ 1. Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (Korea)
	The inherent compatibility of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with various form factors such as flexible, foldable, rollable, and even stretchable devices makes OLEDs attractive in wearable applications. This work introduces engineering methods of OLEDs for wearable devices and benefits that can be provided by OLEDs for biomedical applications.
OLED6-3 11:30	Chromaticity Performance Characterization of Curved OLED Light Sources *Kalil Käläntär¹, Tomonori Tashiro², Yasuki Yamauchi² 1. Global Optical Solutions (Japan), 2. Yamagata University (Japan)
	Bending a planar OLED with flexible sub/superstrate alters the optical structure resulting in change of optical characteristics. The critical angle variations in sub/superstrate with curvatures were studied theoretically. The variations of spectral radiant distribution in planar and cylindrically bent states, and at specified directions were measured and discussed.
OLED6-4L 11:50	Degradation Analysis of Solution-Processed OLEDs by Impedance Spectroscopy and Molecular Simulation *Thi Na Le¹, Eun Young Park¹, Vasudevan Thangaraji¹, Min Chul Suh¹ 1. Kyung Hee University (Korea)
	A detailed degradation analysis of solution-processed OLED using impedance spectroscopy yields information about trap formation and serious resistance increase at the mixing interface. By utilizing molecular simulation, this serious degradation can be mainly attributed to the dissociation of the host molecules which has been suffered from exciton-polaron quenching.

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OLEDp1: OLED Technologies

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

OLEDp1-1	A Universal Evaluation Scheme of Pixel-Level Brightness Uniformity for Micro OLED *Chao Pu¹, Shengji Yang¹, Xiaochuan Chen¹, Hui Wang¹, Mingrui Zhang¹, Pengcheng Lu¹, Guanda Huang¹ 1. Yunnan Invensight Optoelectronics Technology Co., LTD. (China)
	A universal evaluation scheme of the pixel-level brightness uniformity for Micro OLED is proposed and verified. The current Micro OLED with the best microscopic visual effect has a uniformity of 92%. And the uniformity value trend is consistent with the trend of the microscopic visual effect of the human eye.
OLEDp1-2	Withdrawn

OLEDp1-3	A Micro OLED Pixel Driving Scheme To Ensure The Uniformity Of Low Gray Scale *Shengji Yang¹, Xiaochuan Chen¹, Hui Wang¹, Dachao Li¹, Pengcheng Lu¹, Guanda Huang¹, Chao Pu¹, Xiao Bai¹ 1. Yunnan Invensight Optoelectronics Technology Co., LTD. (China)
	This paper proposes a Micro OLED pixel driving scheme, which can ensure that the pixel uniformity can reach more than 95% under the low gray scale 2nit brightness, and to a large extent meet high-end customers' demand for high picture quality experience.
OLEDp1-4L	A Study on the Hyperfluorescence Effect of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Material Showing Aggregation Induced Emission Eun Young Park¹, *Thangaraji Vasudevan¹, Min Chul Suh¹ 1. Kyung Hee University (Korea)
	In this paper, the exciton behavior was analyzed using DMAC-DPS with D-A-D structure as a sensitizer, it showed aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics. We predicted the device performances by calculating the kCQ of DMAC-DPS. In addition, TTA and STA were analyzed according to the doping concentration to understand the exciton behavior.

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OLEDp2: QD Devices
Special Topics of Interest on Quantum Dot Technologies

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

OLEDp2-1L	Improvement of QD-LED Performance through Reducing Leakage Current via Alleviating Polymer Entanglement of Mixture for Hole Transport Layer *hyobin kim¹, Jae-In Yoo¹, Jang-Kun Song¹ 1. Sungkyunkwan University (Korea)
	To take advantages two polymer materials for hole transport layer, it blended in solvent with optimized ratio. However, polymer-entanglement occurs when polymers are dissolved in solvent. It makes the surface rough, which causes leakage current. We introduce to decrease polymer-entanglement. It can decrease leakage current, then improve the QD-LED performance.
OLEDp2-2L	The Correlation Between the Shape of the Quantum Dot Emission Layer and the Device Characteristics by Mixing the Small Molecular Hole Transport Material *Ji Hun Kim¹, Min Woo Hyeon¹, Jae seung Kim², Hyun jung Kim², Min Chul Suh¹ 1. Kyung Hee University (Korea), 2. Sogang University (Korea)
	We found that the efficiency of green QLEDs could be improved through the incorporation of hole transport materials. However, it has been found that mixing more than a certain ratio is disadvantageous because it also blocks the flow of electrons when mixing more than a certain ratio.

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Workshop on 3D/Hyper-Realistic Displays and Systems

Dec. 2	10:50-12:10	3D1	Holography
Dec. 2	13:30-14:50	3D2	Light Field Displays (1)
Dec. 2	15:20-16:20	DES4/3D3	3D and Holographic Technology
Dec. 3	13:30-14:50	VHF7/3D4	Shitsukan and Vision
Dec. 3	15:20-16:20	3D5	Light Field Displays (2)
Dec. 3	17:10-18:25	3D6	Novel 3D Displays & Applications
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	3Dp1	3D/Hyper-Realistic Display Systems
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	3Dp2/INPp2	3D/Hyper-Realistic Display System for Automobile
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	3Dp3/INPp3	3D/Hyper-Realistic Display Systems for Educational Materials
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	3Dp4/AISp4	3D/Hyper-Realistic Display Systems for Artificial Intelligence and Smart Society

3D1: Holography

Dec. 2 10:50-12:10

Chair: Kenji Yamamoto (Tokushima Univ.)
Co-Chair: Hisayuki Sasaki (NHK)

3D1-1 10:50	Invited See-Through and Near-Eye Display Based on Computer Generated Holograms with Holographic Waveguide Combiner *Wei-Chia Su¹, Wen-Kai Lin², Shao-Kui Zhou² 1. National Changhua University of Education (Taiwan), 2. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (Taiwan)
	We review our recent research results on near-eye computer generated hologram (CGH) display systems based on holographic waveguide combiners. Usually, the holographic waveguide combiner induces astigmatism even with a pair of symmetry holographic optical elements (HOEs) for light in-coupling and out-coupling. A new CGH algorithm has been successfully proposed to correct the induced aberration. The field of view (FOV) of CGH is also usually limited...
3D1-2 11:10	Speckle Reduction in Electro-Holography by Vibrating Multimode Optical Fiber *Yasuo Ito¹, Yuji Sakamoto¹ 1. Hokkaido University (Japan)
	In electro-holography which the reconstruction light is supplied by a multimode optical fiber, the coherence of the reconstruction light is adjusted by vibrating the optical fiber with an actuator controlled by an electric signal, and the quality of the reconstructed image is controlled.
3D1-3 11:30	Holographic Display Using Pulse-Modulated MEMS SLM with HOE Illumination System *Takumi Matsumoto¹, Toshihiro Uruma¹, Yasuhiro Takaki¹ 1. Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (Japan)
	The holographic display using the pulse-modulated MEMS SLM provides a wide viewing zone without the pixel pitch reduction of the SLM. In this study, the illumination system which consists of a waveguide substrate and two HOEs is developed for the pulse-modulated MEMS SLM to increase the brightness of holographic images.
3D1-4 11:50	Twenty Thousand Parallel Special-Purpose Computer for Phase-Type Electroholography Using the Hilbert Transform *Yota Yamamoto¹, Tomoyoshi Shimobaba², Yukinobu Taniguchi¹, Tomoyoshi Ito² 1. Tokyo University of Science (Japan), 2. Chiba University (Japan)
	Electroholography is gaining popularity as an ideal three-dimensional display technology, but it requires high-performance computers for practical use. In this paper, we used the Hilbert transform to build a special-purpose computer for phase-only electroholography. As a result, we succeeded in speeding up calculation 400 times faster than commercial CPUs.

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3D2: Light Field Displays (1)
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 2 13:30-14:50

Chair: Takafumi Koike (Hosei Univ.)
Co-Chair: Haruki Mizushina (Tokushima Univ.)

3D2-1 13:30	Invited High-Definition Equivalent 3D Imaging and Display System *Masanori Kano¹, Takuya Omura¹, Hayato Watanabe¹, Jun Arai¹, Masahiro Kawakita^1,2 1. NHK (Japan), 2. Osaka Institute of Technology (Japan)
	We have been developing 3D video systems for future video media. High-quality 3D imaging and display technology is required to realize highly realistic 3D videos. In this paper, we report the development of a 3D imaging and display system with high-definition equivalent resolution.
3D2-2 13:50	Perception of Flickers on High Resolution Time-Division Multiplexing Parallax Barrier *Hideki Kakeya¹ 1. University of Tsukuba (Japan)
	We evaluate perception of flickers given by time-division multiplexing parallax barrier displays under different image resolutions. Perceived flicker can depend on the refresh rate and the resolution of display panels. It is confirmed that a high image resolution reduces perceived flickers even when the refresh rate is relatively low.
3D2-3 14:10	Resolution Improvement for Light Field Display Using Near Virtual-Image Mode *Misato Shimizu¹, Koichiro Fukano¹, Takaaki Kudo², Toshiki Yura², Yasuhiko Matsuo², Yasuhiro Takaki¹ 1. Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (Japan), 2. IMAGICA GROUP Inc. (Japan)
	We have previously the near virtual-image mode for a flat-panel type light field display to increase a viewing zone and light efficiency. This study improves the near virtual-image mode to increase a resolution of 3D images. The prototype display was constructed to verify the proposed technique.
3D2-4 14:30	One-Dimensional Viewpoint Generation for Approximated Super Multi-View Head-Mounted Display *Atsuya Ogikubo¹, Haruki Kurihara¹, Yasuhiro Takaki¹ 1. Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (Japan)
	We previously proposed the approximated super multi-view head-mounted display to mitigate the vergence-accommodation conflict. The accommodation-invariant region was produced by the two-dimensional synchronous shifts of the parallax images and the viewpoints. This study explores the possibility of using one-dimensional shifts and shows the effects for the accommodation-invariant feature.

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DES4/3D3: 3D and Holographic Technology

Dec. 2 15:20-16:20

Chair: Yuji Oyamada (Tottori Univ.)
Co-Chair: Ryuichi Tanida (NTT)

DES4/3D3-1 15:20	Invited Monocular Depth Estimation Based on Lens Aberrations *Naoki Nishizawa¹, Masako Kashiwagi¹, Nao Mishima¹, Akihito Seki¹ 1. Toshiba (Japan)
	We have developed our Deep Depth from Aberration Map (DDfAM) that can obtain a valid depth map from a single-shot image with a monocular camera even if no contextual information exists. In this paper, we explain two of our recent efforts: application for smartphone cameras and depth inference acceleration.
DES4/3D3-2 15:40	Fresnel Arc 3D Display for Rewriting 3D Image with High-Pixel-Density Arrangement and Automatic Arc-Scratch Generation *Haruto Taguchi¹, Haruki Mizushina¹, Kenji Yamamoto¹, Shiro Suyama² 1. Tokushima University (Japan), 2. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	We proposed and developed a new Arc-3D-image rewriting method utilizing Fresnel arc structure with high-pixel-density arrangement and automatic generation of scratches. Fresnel Arc 3D display provides easy way of rewriting without arc-pixel selection difficulty. Proposed arrangement provides high-density pixels. Automatic generation of Arc-shaped scratch is realized by using cutting plotter.
DES4/3D3-3L 16:00	Invited The Long-Awaited Arrival of Holographic Interfaces *Shawn Frayne¹ 1. Looking Glass Factory (United States of America)
	Holographic or light field generating devices that could enable groups of people to see and interact with genuinely three-dimensional content have long been held as a “holy grail” by those inventors and engineers that work in the field of perfecting the human-computer interface. Now after decades of work, real-time holographic interfaces...

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VHF7/3D4: Shitsukan and Vision

Dec. 3 13:30-14:50

Chair: Masamitsu Harasawa (NHK)
Co-Chair: Yuzo Hisatake (Shizuoka Univ.)

VHF7/3D4-1 13:30	Invited Bidirectional Relationships between Hues and Impressions *Keizo Shinomori¹ 1. Kochi University of Technology (Japan)
	We measured hue impressions by semantic-words and word impressions by hues and obtained their bidirectional relationship. By this method, we found that color vision normal observers used color appearance to evaluate the hue impressions but color vision deficient observers used their experience associated with color names rather than the appearance.
VHF7/3D4-2 13:50	Toward Expanding Visual Experience and Satisfaction of Visually Impaired on Large Screens *Jae Sung Park¹, Seongwoon Jung¹, Jiman Kim¹, Junghwa Choi¹, YoungNam Kim¹, Junghoon Cho¹ 1. Samsung Electronics (Korea)
	Based on toy survey result to understand the way of watching TV of visually impaired, further research subjects for how to expand visual experience and satisfaction of whom has visual impairment are presented.
VHF7/3D4-3 14:10	Vision-Correcting Display with Microlens Array *Yoichi Ishikawa¹, Chihiro Tsutake¹, Keita Takahashi¹, Toshiaki Fujii¹ 1. Nagoya University (Japan)
	We introduce a new vision-correcting display for hyperopia (far-sightedness). We place a microlens array in front of the display of a digital device to form a virtual image at a depth on which hyperopic patients can easily focus.
VHF7/3D4-4 14:30	Endoscopic Surgery Training Using Full HD Glass-Less Stereoscopic Displays *Bin Yang¹, Hideki Kakeya¹ 1. University of Tsukuba (Japan)
	We realize an endoscopic surgery training system using a full HD glass-less stereoscopic display based on time-division multiplexing parallax barrier. Stereoscopic live action movie is displayed by using a stereoscopic camera. The result of the experiment shows that the operators can work faster under 3D condition compared with 2D condition.

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3D5: Light Field Displays (2)

Dec. 3 15:20-16:20

Chair: Shiro Suyama (Utsunomiya Univ.)
Co-Chair: Hideki Kakeya (Univ. of Tsukuba)

3D5-1 15:20	Invited Integral 3D Display System Using Eye-Tracking Technology *Naoto Okaichi^1,2, Hisayuki Sasaki¹, Masanori Kano¹, Jun Arai¹, Masahiro Kawakita^1,3, Takeshi Naemura² 1. NHK (Japan), 2. The University of Tokyo (Japan), 3. Osaka Institute of Technology (Japan)
	We propose an integral 3D display system using eye-tracking technology. The proposed design achieves a viewing angle of 81.4° in the horizontal direction, 47.6° in the vertical direction, and twice the light ray density in both the horizontal and vertical directions compared with that of the conventional design.
3D5-2 15:40	Regarding Multi Plane Image as a Layered Light Field Display *Chisaki Sato¹, Chihiro Tsutake¹, Keita Takahashi¹, Toshiaki Fujii¹ 1. Nagoya University (Japan)
	We demonstrate that a multi-plane image (MPI) can be regarded as a layered light-field display. We also present an iterative method for obtaining an MPI from a light field. We finally present performance comparisons between MPIs and layered displays.
3D5-3 16:00	Vision-Correcting Near-Eye Light Field Displays by Computationally Controlling Plenoptic Functions *Quanzhen Wan^1,2, Yuqing Qiu^1,2, Wenchao Yang^1,2, Zong Qin^1,2, Bo-Ru Yang^1,2 1. Sun Yat-sen University (China), 2. State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies (China)
	A vision-correcting light field display that can address ametropia, particularly astigmatism, is proposed. Plenoptic functions reconstructing a 3D object are computationally controlled through the genetic algorithm to compensate for eyes’ refractive errors with no extra volume and cost. Resolution after the correction negligibly degrades compared with emmetropia.

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3D6: Novel 3D Displays & Applications

Dec. 3 17:10-18:25

Chair: Munekazu Date (NTT)
Co-Chair: Masaru Tsuchida (NTT)

3D6-1 17:10	Invited Paradigm Shift from High-Speed Single-Point to High-Speed Multipoint Algorithms for Multimodal Acoustic Displays *Ryuji Hirayama¹, Diego Martinez Plasencia¹, Roberto Montano-Murillo¹, Sriram Subramanian¹ 1. University College London (UK)
	High-speed ultrasound-field control using phased arrays of transducers (PATs) have allowed creating interactive multimodal (i.e. visual, haptics and audio) displays in mid-air. We introduce some algorithmic and technical advances in PATs that have allowed such high update rates (i.e. >10 kfps), having shifted from the high-speed single-point algorithm to the high-speed multipoint one.
3D6-2 17:30	Invited 3D Image and Real Object Have Differences? ~ Enhancing or Fooling Image Reconstruction in Brain ~ *Shiro Suyama¹, Hirotsugu Yamamoto¹, Haruki Mizushina² 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan), 2. Tokushima University (Japan)
	We review importance of continuous motion parallax and enhancing or fooling of image reconstruction in brain by using continuous motion parallax, occlusion, and brain complementation. Our proposed method for enhancing or fooling of image reconstruction in brain can successfully solve many discrepancies between optically designed and perceived depths.
3D6-3 17:50	Advanced Secure Display Using DFD Display with Fuzzy Perceived Depth Images and Dummy Information *Kazuya Fujikawa¹, Haruki Mizushina¹, Kenji Yamamoto¹, Shiro Suyama¹ 1. Tokushima university (Japan)
	We propose a high-security display that prevents peeping even with computer analysis by using the DFD display with fuzzy depth or color and brain complement.Our high-security display can successfully provide information only to human but prevent recognizing by peeping or camera capture with computer analysis.
3D6-4L 18:10	Immersive Sport Live Viewing Using Dome Screens *Keiichi Koshiba¹, Kenji Yamamoto², Eiji Ito³, Masami Okyudo¹ 1. Wakayama University (Japan), 2. Tokushima University (Japan), 3. Chukyo University (Japan)
	Many new imaging technologies have been tested and put to practical use when mega sport events are held. The Future Sport Viewing Project is an example of such use and was conducted using planetarium dome screens across Japan during a mega sport event held in Tokyo in the summer of 2021. The following report is an overview of the results of the demonstration experiment, and...

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3Dp1: 3D/Hyper-Realistic Display Systems

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

3Dp1-1	Head-Tracking Layered Light-Field Display *Kotaro Matsuura¹, Chihiro Tsutake¹, Keita Takahashi¹, Toshiaki Fujii¹ 1. Nagoya University (Japan)
	To extend the viewing angle while keeping the image quality, we incorporate head-tracking into a layered light field display. Our display is designed to show only a local light field at a time, which will cover the viewing angle around the currently estimated head position.
3Dp1-2	Study on the Design Parameters for Parallax-Barrier Light-Field Display Wei-Chen Chen¹, *Kai-Siang Hsu¹, Hoang-Yan Lin¹ 1. National Taiwan University (Taiwan)
	Based on a designed periodic parallax barrier and a two-dimensional display, a Light-Field Display system is proposed. The panel provides synthetic image, and the subpixels are projected to different views. This paper shows how the factors affecting the image quality and their influence for different application scenarios.
3Dp1-3	Design of Diffractive Optical Elements for Improving the Background Image through Transparent Displays by the Simulated Annealing Method Chen-Ho Cho¹, *Yong-Xuan Chen¹, Hoang-Yan Lin¹ 1. National Taiwan University (Taiwan)
	When the image passes through the transparent display, it becomes diffracted and its image quality is reduced. In order to eliminate the diffraction, we have used the simulated annealing method to design the diffraction optical element for improving the image quality.
3Dp1-4	Reduction of Perceived Depth Instability in Aerial Image by Using Hand or Tools to Aerial Image Position *Naoki Kiyose¹, Haruki Mizushina¹, Kenji Yamamoto¹, Shiro Suyama 1. Tokushima University (Japan)
	Hand reaching action can successfully reduce the perceived depth instability of aerial images. Moreover, hand reaching action with stick held by hand can also reduce instability. This indicates that perceived depths by only visual information and hand reaching action have different process in human brain.
3Dp1-5	Pseudo Gaze Direction Change for 2D Communications by Spatial Blending and Boundary Blending of Luminance of 2D Face Images with Different Gaze Directions *Yurie Nakagawa¹, Haruki Mizushina¹, Shiro Suyama¹, Kenji Yamamoto¹ 1. Tokushima University (Japan)
	Perceived gaze direction can be successfully changed by spatial blending of two faces with different gaze directions. Composite face image by spatial blending can easily change perceived gaze direction only by changing blending ratio. Boundary blending of luminance at boundary region also facilitate face spatial blending.
3Dp1-6	Reducing the Discomfort of Watching 3D Videos with Progressive Addition Lenses *Hsien-Chang Lin¹, Ching-Huang Lin¹, Chih-Hao Chuang², Ming-Ta Ke¹, Ying-Shan Chen³, Chien-Yu Chen⁴ 1. National Yunlin University of Science & Technology (Taiwan), 2. National Taiwan University (Taiwan), 3. China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital (Taiwan), 4. National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan)
	In this study, the different optical powers of progressive addition lenses (PAL) are used to correct the amplitude of accommodation, which can help for reducing the discomfort of watching 3D video for a long time. As the analyzed results shown, before watching 3D movies, the average amplitude of accommodation (AA) of the right eye is 12.36D and the average AA of the left eye is.
3Dp1-7	Large FOV Head-Mounted Display Based on Computer-Generated Hologram *Yhan-Yan Liang¹, Shao-Kui Zhou^2,1, Wen-Kai Lin^1,2, Wei-Chia Su¹ 1. National Changhua University of Education (Taiwan), 2. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (Taiwan)
	The large FOV HMD based on CGH technology was proposed in this study. The proposed device was composed of two holographic lenses and a single SLM. The FOV of the proposed device is about four times the diffraction angle of SLM.
3Dp1-8L	Fast Calculation of Amplitude-Modulated Computer Generated Hologram with Multiple Ampere-GPU Cluster System *Towa Mitani¹, Kohei Suzuki¹, Naoki Takada¹ 1. Kochi University (Japan)
	We propose a fast computer-generated hologram (CGH) calculation algorithm to reduce the number of the trigonometric function calculations. The proposed algorithm is implemented on 2-node multiple GPU cluster system with 6 GPUs used for CGH calculations. Finally, we realized a real-time electroholography of a 3D model comprising approximately 260,000 points.
3Dp1-9L	Volumetric 3D Display Using a Rotating Spiral Screen - Evaluation of the Visible Region - *Karin Wakatsuki¹, Chiemi Fujikawa¹, Makoto Omodani^1,2 1. Tokai University (Japan), 2. Tokyo Denki University (Japan)
	We have proposed a volumetric 3D display in which cross-sectional images are projected on a rotating spiral screen. One of challenges of this method is an existence of a blind region generated depending on observation angle. We evaluated dependence of the size of the blind region to the screen shape.
3Dp1-10L	Quantitative Evaluation of LC Alignment Fluctuation in Random Phase Disturbing Devices for Speckle Noise Reduction in Electronic Holography *Masatoshi Yaita¹, Yosei Shibata¹, Takahiro Ishinabe¹, Hideo Fujikake¹ 1. Tohoku University (Japan)
	To reduce the speckle noise generated in holographic 3D displays, we proposed the phase disturbing device using randomly-fluctuated liquid crystal (LC) alignment. Optical simulations showed that the phase disturbance can reduce the speckle noise. In addition, the parameters corresponding to the alignment fluctuation of thick LC were quantitatively evaluated.
3Dp1-11L	Analytical Solution for Three Conjugates Vari-Focal Based Augmented Reality System Chung-Jen Ou¹, Meng-Feng Chung¹, *Yu-Min Chen² 1. Coretronic Corporation (Taiwan), 2. National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University (Taiwan)
	In order to design the compact Augmented Reality (AR) system within various design configurations, an analytical solution is essential to explore the limitations of the design space parameters on the system performance metric. This article reveals a compact analytical form for the three conjugate AR configurations with vari-focal lens (VFL) time multiplexing capabilities. This VFL-AR equation can describe the first-order system metric, which can find...

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3Dp2/INPp2: 3D/Hyper-Realistic Display System for Automobile
Special Topics of Interest on Automotive Displays

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

3Dp2/INPp2-1L	Reduced Solar-Loading in Automotive HUD Using Micro-Mirror Array Plate (MMAP) *Kenneth Li¹ 1. Optonomous Technologies Inc. (United States of America)
	This paper describes a HUD system where the imaging system uses a Micro-Mirror Array Plate (MMAP) with an optical design that eliminates the issues associated with the off-axis sunlight. This design would also be applicable to the use of Dihedral Corner Reflector Array (DCRA), and Aerial Imaging by Retro-Reflection (AIRR).

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3Dp3/INPp3: 3D/Hyper-Realistic Display Systems for Educational Materials
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

3Dp3/INPp3-1L	Development of Smartphone Application for Versatility of Teaching Materials Using Three-Dimensional Expression *Yuya Nishikawa¹, Naoto Hoshikawa², Tomoyoshi Ito¹, Atsushi Shiraki¹ 1. Chiba University (Japan), 2. National Institute of Technology, Oyama College (Japan)
	In recent years, VR (Virtual Reality) technology has been applied in the field of education. In this research, we will develop a system of VR teaching materials that can be operated with a head mounted display using only smartphones so that more people can experience VR teaching materials.
3Dp3/INPp3-2L	Development of a Learning Material for Light Interference Phenomena Using Tablet Devices and Augmented Reality *Bunta Nakano¹, Naoto Hoshikawa², Tomoyoshi Ito¹, Atsushi Shiraki¹ 1. Chiba University (Japan), 2. National Institute of Technology, Oyama College (Japan)
	To use augmented reality (AR) technology requires the use of specialized device. We focused on the fact that many Japanese educational institutions have tablet computers. We developed a teaching material that allows users to experience light interference phenomena using tablet terminal and AR markers.

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3Dp4/AISp4: 3D/Hyper-Realistic Display Systems for Artificial Intelligence and Smart Society
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

3Dp4/AISp4-1L	Development of a Multi-Projection System for High-Resolution Directional Volumetric Display *Moeka Abe¹, Naoto Hoshikawa², Hirotaka Nakayama³, Tomoyoshi Ito¹, Atsushi Shiraki¹ 1. Chiba University (Japan), 2. National Institute of Technology, Oyama College (Japan), 3. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (Japan)
	The resolution of directional volumetric display can be improved using threads and a projector by increasing the number of threads. However, the number of threads that may be projected from a single projector is limited. In this study, we developed a system to project images from multiple projectors.
3Dp4/AISp4-2L	Real-Time Facial Animation of a Reality Avatar Based on Japanese Vowels in a Speech Audio Stream *Ryoto Kato¹, Yusuke Kikuchi¹, Vibol Yem¹, Yasushi Ikei² 1. Tokyo Metropolitan University (Japan), 2. The University of Tokyo (Japan)
	Automated, expressive facial animation is crucial for AI avatars in the VR space. We propose a real-time method for facial animation based on Japanese vowels. The user study revealed that our facial expression was more natural than the popular method (Oculus Lipsync) in mouth motion synchronous to speech audio stream.

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Workshop on Applied Vision and Human Factors

Dec. 1	16:40-18:00	AIS3/VHF1	AIS Application
Dec. 2	9:00-10:20	VHF2	Color and Vision
Dec. 2	10:50-12:00	VHF3	Image Reproduction
Dec. 2	13:30-14:45	VHF4	Human Behavior
Dec. 2	15:20-16:35	VHF5	Virtual Reality
Dec. 3	10:50-11:50	AIS7/VHF6	AIS Processing
Dec. 3	13:30-14:50	VHF7/3D4	Shitsukan and Vision
Dec. 3	15:20-16:20	VHF8	Display Measurements
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	VHFp1	Human Factor

AIS3/VHF1: AIS Application

Dec. 1 16:40-18:00

Chair: Yoshie Imai (Mitsubishi Elec.)
Co-Chair: Hiroshi Haga (Tianma Japan)

AIS3/VHF1-1 16:40	Invited A Direct-View Graphic Fusion Interactive Technology for Surgical Application Jia-Chong Ho¹, Yu-Hsuan Su¹, *Yu-Hsiang Tsai¹, Chia-Hsun Tu¹, Kuan-Ting Chen¹ 1. Industrial Technology Research Institute (Taiwan)
	A fusion interactive technology for surgical application in that transparent display, facing direction recognition, object recognition, and image fusion algorithms are included. The virtual object images can be displayed on the transparent display and superimposed on the affected areas of patients used in surgical operations to reduce the risk.
AIS3/VHF1-2 17:00	Invited Behavior Change Experiment by Congestion Visualization and Coupons in 'Shizuoka MaaS' *Yasushi Sugama¹, Daishin Ito¹, Takayuki Kodaira¹, Ryoji Hattori¹, Takenori Iwamoto², Akio Oomae² 1. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (Japan), 2. Shizuoka Railway Co.,Ltd. (Japan)
	We conducted a demonstration experiment for the purpose of reducing congestion and revitalizing commerce. In this experiment, we visualized the congestion prediction result through signage and Web application, and distributed coupons according to the congestion degree. In this paper, we show the details of the experiment and the experimental results.
AIS3/VHF1-3 17:20	True Views from Depth-Exaggerated Images *Kokichi Sugihara¹ 1. Meiji University (Japan)
	Images taken with wide-angle lenses exaggerate depth. We present a method for converting such images into images that look as if we really stand at the same position as the camera and see the scene directly. This method can remove depth exaggeration and thus give faithful information.
AIS3/VHF1-4L 17:40	Extracting Information from Social Networking Service about Sightseeing Locations *Shimul Rakibul Hasan¹, Eriko Ishii², Mitsuho Yamada¹, Yuko Hoshino¹ 1. Tokai University (Japan), 2. Kagoshima Prefectural College (Japan)
	Display technological advancement now allows potential tourists to view sightseeing locations virtually. The study focuses on building a system applying display technology that can help tourists make informed decisions before traveling. First, posts on sightseeing acquire from social networking services. If a post contains an image, the objects are detected and captions. Text mining uses to identify the outline of the text if it contains the text. If...

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VHF2: Color and Vision

Dec. 2 9:00-10:20

Chair: Kenichiro Masaoka (NHK)
Co-Chair: Johan Bergquist (Consultant)

VHF2-1 9:00	Invited Color Information Processing in the Human Brain *Ichiro Kuriki¹ 1. Saitama University (Japan)
	The photoreceptors of human yield red-green and yellow-blue color signals in addition to luminance. If these triplets did not directly represent colors in which we perceive millions of shades of differences, which signal would do? In the talk, some of the front-end studies on this issue will be introduced.
VHF2-2 9:20	Measurement Method for Color Capturing Accuracy of Cameras Particularly for High-Fidelity Color Imaging System *Yuzo Hisatake¹, Hitoshi Suzuki², Osamu Ozawa³, Yoshifumi Shimodaira¹ 1. Shizuoka University (Japan), 2. Nobuo Electric Inc. (Japan), 3. Papalab Ltd. (Japan)
	We have developed measurement methods for fidelity color reproduction with as High-Fidelity Color Imaging System (HFCS) using Programmable Light Emission System, and image color conversion method for the HFCS. This paper introduces our objects and background, technical explanation, and their results.
VHF2-3 9:40	Estimation of Brightness Considering the Color Contrast Effect in Natural Images *Shuhei Yamamoto¹, Hisakazu Aoyanagi², Hiroaki Takamatsu², Yoshifumi Shimodaira¹, Gosuke Ohashi¹ 1. Shizuoka University (Japan), 2. Sharp NEC Display Solutions, Ltd. (Japan)
	This study aims to improve the estimation accuracy of brightness in natural images by quantifying the effect of color contrast and introducing this effect into an equation based on the Helmholtz-Kohlrausch effect derived in our previous study.
VHF2-4 10:00	Subjective Evaluation Due to Desaturation of Primary Colors of UHD Display *Ryo Tsuboi¹, Yoshifumi Shimodaira¹, Toru Aoki¹ 1. Shizuoka University (Japan)
	It has been considered that changes in the primary colors of the display affect the color reproduction when the color gamut is extended to UHD. The changes in color perception of the human eye in response to changes in the saturation of the primary colors in images was evaluated.

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VHF3: Image Reproduction

Dec. 2 10:50-12:00

Chair: Yoshie Imai (Mitsubishi Elec.)
Co-Chair: Kenichiro Masaoka (NHK)

VHF3-1 10:50	Parameter Estimation of Structural Color by Spectral Measurement and Reproduction Using Spectral Projector *Kazuki Iwata¹, Norimichi Tsumura¹, Keita Hirai¹ 1. Chiba University (Japan)
	This study estimated the normal, film thickness, and refractive index of structural color objects by thin-film interference using spectral measurements to reproduce structural color based on BRDF models. In addition, based on these estimated parameters, we spectrally reproduced structural colors using a spectral projector.
VHF3-2 11:10	Image Compression and Restoration Using Deep Learning Considering Spatial Frequency Characteristics of the Visual System Naoki Tada¹, Keita Hirai¹, *Takahiko Horiuchi¹ 1. Chiba University (Japan)
	This paper proposes image compression and restoration techniques that consider the visual characteristics of humans with respect to the spatial frequency. The method reduces information with low visual sensitivity, encodes and decodes by JPEG, and restores the high-quality image using U-Net. The feasibility of the method was verified experimentally.
VHF3-3L 11:30	Information Hiding in 60 Hz Video by Use of Temporal Color Fusion of Human Visual System *Shunsuke Mori¹, Tomokazu Shiga¹ 1. The University of Electro-Communications (Japan)
	A color pair which are symmetry about an original color in the CIELAB color space are displayed alternately at 60Hz, human perceives the original color, while camera can obtain each color. When CIELAB color difference between the original and modulated colors is less than 10, flicker and color distortion are imperceptible.
VHF3-4L 11:45	Observer Accuracy and Variability in Metameric Color Matching Experiment *Hyunhee Park¹, Minjeong Ko¹, YeSeul Baek¹, Youngshin Kwak¹ 1. UNIST (Korea)
	The color matching experiments were conducted using ten pairs of RGB LED lightings. The results showed that when the peak wavelengths were different between the reference and the test, there was the systematic colors shift in CIELAB color space and the metameric pair having low accuracy shows large observer variabilities.

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VHF4: Human Behavior

Dec. 2 13:30-14:45

Chair: Hiroyasu Ujike (AIST)
Co-Chair: Tsutomu Sakamoto (Alpsalpine)

VHF4-1 13:30	Invited Perception-Based Non-Contact Sensor Used Emotion Estimation Technique and Its Application Possibility *Nobuyoshi Komuro¹, Keita Hirai¹, Makoto Ichikawa¹ 1. Chiba University (Japan)
	This paper presents the customized emotion estimation system for individuals based on indoor environment data regarding human perception and its application possibilities. Our system estimates emotions without camera sensor or wearable sensors. Experiment results show that our system achieved over 80% estimation accuracy, thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of our system.
VHF4-2 13:50	Invited Assessment of Drivers' Attentional State Using Event-Related Brain Potentials *Yuji Takeda¹ 1. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (Japan)
	This presentation introduces electrophysiological measures: eye-fixation-related potentials and auditory-evoked potentials, which reflect attentional resources allocated to a visual task. Then, I also present our experimental studies assessing drivers' attentional state. The studies demonstrate that these measures are useful for assessing driving pleasure as well as driving workload.
VHF4-3 14:10	Invited Technologies for Improving “Quality of Working” *Takashi Okuma¹, Masakatsu Kourogi¹, Ryosuke Ichikari¹, Mai Otsuki¹, Satoki Ogiso¹ 1. AIST (Japan)
	We are developing smart work technologies, such as human behavior sensing, modeling, simulation, and visualization, with the aim of improving productivity through improving employee satisfaction by enhancing the skills and motivation of people who are engaged in 'work.'
VHF4-4L 14:30	Remote, Non-Contact and Continuous Extraction of Multiple Peoples’ Autonomic Nervous System Indices from One Fish-Eye Camera *Makoto Yoshizawa¹, Norihiro Sugita¹, Akira Tanaka², Noriyasu Homma¹, Emi Yuda¹, Tomoyuki Yambe¹ 1. Tohoku University (Japan), 2. Fukushima University (Japan)
	An image processing system using a fish-eye camera has been developed to continuously record multiple persons’ autonomic nervous system indices by automatically measuring and analyzing their pulse waves. The proposed system has a possibility to apply to unconscious and automatic family members’ health management on a daily basis.

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VHF5: Virtual Reality
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 2 15:20-16:35

Chair: Takashi Shibata (Tokai Univ.)
Co-Chair: Shin-ichi Uehara (AGC)

VHF5-1 15:20	Invited Avatar Embodiment beyond Individual Body: Invisible, Asymmetric, Scrambled, and Shared Bodies *Michiteru Kitazaki¹ 1. Toyohashi University of Technology (Japan)
	Virtual reality (VR) enables us to have illusory body ownership of avatar in various forms. Psychological studies were performed on an invisible, asymmetric, and scrambled bodies using VR avatars. A shared body avatar controlled by two individuals was created, and its embodiment and motor behavior were investigated.
VHF5-2 15:40	Invited Spatial Reality Enhancement Using Eye-Sensing Light Field Display *Yuji Nakahata¹, Tomoya Yano¹, Kazuki Yokoyama¹, Koji Aoyama¹ 1. Sony Group (Japan)
	Eye-sensing light field display (ELFD) was developed for the enhancing spatial reality. A comfortable and overwhelming sense of reality can be presented by consideration of human perceptual characteristics such as real-time expressions of motion parallax, accurate binocular parallax images, and clues for binocular fusion.
VHF5-3 16:00	Evaluation of the Effect of Art Content on Mental States Using Mirror Display with AR Function *Ryohei Nakatsu¹, Naoko Tosa¹, Satoshi Niiyama², Shigeki Sakurai¹, Takashi Kusumi¹ 1. Kyoto University (Japan), 2. AGC Inc. (Japan)
	There are many opportunities for people to look into a mirror in daily life. What kind of effect it has when art content is displayed together? Using a mirror display that has both display and mirror functions, we carried out psychological experiments in which art content is displayed along with one's face and full-body images, and how it affects mental state was evaluated. Ten video...
VHF5-4L 16:20	Perimetry on Head-Centered Coordinate System for Requirements of Head-Mounted Display *Masamitsu Harasawa¹, Yamato Miyashita¹, Kazuteru Komine¹ 1. Japan Broadcasting Corporation (Japan)
	An ideal head-mounted display should cover the entire visual field. To know the requirements to meet this need, we performed perimetry on the head-centered coordinate. The large extension of the visual field by eye movements was found only in temporal side in contrast to retinal coordinate perimetry.

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AIS7/VHF6: AIS Processing
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 3 10:50-11:50

Chair: Kalil Käläntär (Global Optical Solutions)
Co-Chair: Nobuchika Sakata (Ryukoku Univ.)

AIS7/VHF6-1 10:50	Invited Deep Learning-Based Image Restoration Algorithms in Display Devices Jung-Hyun Kim¹, *SukJu Kang¹ 1. Sogang University (Korea)
	This paper presents the deep learning-based demoire algorithms for image restoration. Specifically, several deep learning-based demoire techniques, which have currently been studied, are explained. In addition, we compare the performance of representative demoire methods.
AIS7/VHF6-2 11:10	Invited Augmented Reality, Diminished Reality and Reduced Reality *Nobuchika Sakata¹ 1. Ryukoku University (Japan)
	The concept of Augmented Reality (AR) have basically aimed to provide a view augmented expression than a view of real world to user. In existing AR systems, the most common AR method of information support is to empower the user's field of view by 'making invisible things visible' when the user wears a headset system combining a Head Mounted Display (HMD) and a Head Mounted...
AIS7/VHF6-3L 11:30	Gesture Classification of Single-Pixel-Imaging Reconstruction by Using Deep Learning *Hiroki Takatsuka¹ 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	We report classification of images reconstructed with different number of masks using single pixel imaging. The target images to be classified are hand gestures (rock, scissors, paper). Deep learning based on LeNet is used for classification. Images that were reconstructed with single-pixel imaging by use of with 400 or more masks were accurately classified by 90% or more.

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VHF7/3D4: Shitsukan and Vision

Dec. 3 13:30-14:50

Chair: Masamitsu Harasawa (NHK)
Co-Chair: Yuzo Hisatake (Shizuoka Univ.)

VHF7/3D4-1 13:30	Invited Bidirectional Relationships between Hues and Impressions *Keizo Shinomori¹ 1. Kochi University of Technology (Japan)
	We measured hue impressions by semantic-words and word impressions by hues and obtained their bidirectional relationship. By this method, we found that color vision normal observers used color appearance to evaluate the hue impressions but color vision deficient observers used their experience associated with color names rather than the appearance.
VHF7/3D4-2 13:50	Toward Expanding Visual Experience and Satisfaction of Visually Impaired on Large Screens *Jae Sung Park¹, Seongwoon Jung¹, Jiman Kim¹, Junghwa Choi¹, YoungNam Kim¹, Junghoon Cho¹ 1. Samsung Electronics (Korea)
	Based on toy survey result to understand the way of watching TV of visually impaired, further research subjects for how to expand visual experience and satisfaction of whom has visual impairment are presented.
VHF7/3D4-3 14:10	Vision-Correcting Display with Microlens Array *Yoichi Ishikawa¹, Chihiro Tsutake¹, Keita Takahashi¹, Toshiaki Fujii¹ 1. Nagoya University (Japan)
	We introduce a new vision-correcting display for hyperopia (far-sightedness). We place a microlens array in front of the display of a digital device to form a virtual image at a depth on which hyperopic patients can easily focus.
VHF7/3D4-4 14:30	Endoscopic Surgery Training Using Full HD Glass-Less Stereoscopic Displays *Bin Yang¹, Hideki Kakeya¹ 1. University of Tsukuba (Japan)
	We realize an endoscopic surgery training system using a full HD glass-less stereoscopic display based on time-division multiplexing parallax barrier. Stereoscopic live action movie is displayed by using a stereoscopic camera. The result of the experiment shows that the operators can work faster under 3D condition compared with 2D condition.

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VHF8: Display Measurements

Dec. 3 15:20-16:20

Chair: Nobuyuki Hiruma (NHK-ES)
Co-Chair: Yukio Endo (AGC)

VHF8-1 15:20	Sparkle Measurements for an Automotive Specification:The Compromise between Reproducibility and Flexibility *Ingo Rotscholl¹, Andreas Schlipf², Christoph Rickers³, Udo Krüger¹ 1. TechnoTeam Bildverarbeitung GmbH (Germany), 2. Elektrobit Automotive GmbH (Germany), 3. Volkswagen AG (Germany)
	This contribution evaluates a frequency-filter-based sparkle evaluation and investigates the compromise between reproducible measurement results and flexible setup conditions. It bases on measurements with two displays and 9 AGLs. The findings serve as basis for the measurement conditions of an upcoming automotive display sparkle measurement specification.
VHF8-2 15:40	Study of Appropriate Evaluation Image for Quantitative Evaluation of Halo Effect *Koukou Shimada¹, Yusuke Bamba¹ 1. EIZO Corporation (Japan)
	The halo effect is a negative side effect of mini-LED displays, and various quantitative methods for evaluating halos have been studied. However, the evaluation images used in these studies were not optimized or unified. In this study, we verified the conditions of appropriate evaluation images for quantitative halo evaluation.
VHF8-3 16:00	A New Approach to the Response Time Measurement Method of OLED TVs *Seung-Won Jung¹, Jang-Hyun Cho¹, Ho-Gil Kang¹, Jin-Sang Lee¹, Seung-Ki Chae¹, Young-Seok Choi¹ 1. LG Display (Korea)
	This study suggests a problem in the existing response time evaluation method focusing on the traditional LCD in the evaluation method for a display with a very fast response time such as OLED. In addition, for a new display with better performance than LCD, we understand the display driving behavior, including pixel addressing time and pixel response time, and reconsider the response time evaluation method.

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VHFp1: Human Factor

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

VHFp1-1	Contrast Improvement Using Genetic Algorithms by Region Segmentation *Shiho Okano¹, Fumihiko Saitoh¹ 1. Gifu University (Japan)
	This paper proposes a contrast improvement method that divides an image into several blocks and finds the optimum LUT for each block by Genetic Algorithms(GA). Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in improving visually natural contrast.

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Workshop on Projection and Large-Area Displays and Their Components

Dec. 2	9:00-10:00	PRJ1/AIS4	Outer Space
Dec. 2	10:50-12:10	PRJ2	Projection Mapping
Dec. 2	13:30-14:30	PRJ3/FMC1	Optical Component
Dec. 2	15:20-16:40	PRJ4	Automotive Display
Dec. 3	9:00-10:00	PRJ5	AR/VR
Dec. 3	10:50-12:10	PRJ6	Smart City
Dec. 3	13:30-14:50	PRJ7	Evaluation of Visual Effect
Dec. 3	15:20-16:40	PRJ8	Application
Dec. 3	17:10-18:10	PRJ9	Active Component
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	PRJp1	Projection Technology

PRJ1/AIS4: Outer Space

Dec. 2 9:00-10:00

Chair: Muneharu Kuwata (Mitsubishi Elec.)
Co-Chair: Yoshinobu Asakura (Nittoh)

PRJ1/AIS4-1 9:00	Invited Images Obtained by MINERVA-II Rovers of Hayabusa2 Mission and Their Process on the Ground *Tetsuo Yoshimitsu¹, Takashi Kubota¹, Yasuhiro Yokota¹, Toru Kouyama², Yoshinobu Asakura³ 1. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan), 2. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (Japan), 3. Nittoh Inc. (Japan)
	The authors developed twin rovers for the Japanese asteroid mission Hayabusa2. The rovers were deployed onto the target asteroid on 21 September 2018. The rovers then made autonomous surface explorations by hopping. This paper describes the onboard camera system of the rovers as well as the image processing techniques made on the Ground.
PRJ1/AIS4-2 9:20	Invited JAXA Earth : Prototype of Earth Observation Data Distribution System and Application for Interdisciplinary Studies *Yoshinobu Sasaki¹, Kohei Kawamura¹, Kei Oyoshi¹ 1. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan)
	Specifications of earth observation images differ among satellites, sensors, and distribution systems, so the hurdles of cross-sectional using of the data are still high. Therefore, we are developing the prototype of satellite data distribution service, “JAXA Earth”, which enables us to use JAXA's multiple satellite data immediately and intuitively.
PRJ1/AIS4-3 9:40	Invited Geiger-mode Three Dimensional Image Sensor for Flash LIDAR *Takahide Mizuno¹, Hirokazu Ikeda¹, Kenji Makino², Yusei Tamura², Yoshihito Suzuki², Tatsuya Hashi², Takashi Baba², Shunsuke Adachi², Ryuji Okumura² 1. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan), 2. Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (Japan)
	JAXA has been developing Flash LIDAR as a sensor for obstacle detection by lunar and planetary landers and for on-orbit rendezvous and docking. This paper describes a 3D image sensor with Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes and its pixel circuit for Flash LIDAR.

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PRJ2: Projection Mapping
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 2 10:50-12:10

Chair: Shinsuke Shikama (Setsunan Univ.)
Co-Chair: Toshiyuki Amano (Wakayama Univ.)

PRJ2-1 10:50	Invited The Impression of an Artificial Skylight at the Hospital *Sorida Im¹, Mayuka Kitaguchi¹, Yukio Akashi¹, Ikko Kuzuhara², Takuya Yamashita², Yuumi Fujiwara², Mitsuo Yakuchi², Tatsukio Uchida² 1. University of Fukui (Japan), 2. Panasonic Corporation (Japan)
	This study is to verify the psychological effect of an artificial skylight on visitors at the hospital. The results showed that people were livelier and they felt more connected to nature and the exterior in the hospital’s waiting room with the artificial skylight than in a windowless space.
PRJ2-2 11:10	Invited A Low-Latency Image-Warping Projector with Application to Dynamic Projection Mapping *Shingo Kagami¹ 1. Tohoku University (Japan)
	This paper reviews recent efforts of the author's group in developing a projection system with a low-latency image-warping capability. Applications including a calibration-free and marker-free dynamic projection mapping and interactive augmented reality systems are also described.
PRJ2-3 11:30	Projection onto a Slanted Cylindrical Surface by Use of a Curved Mirror and Scheimpflug Optics *Shuichi Tominaga^1,2, Hirotsugu Yamamoto¹ 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan), 2. Kowa Optronics co., ltd. (Japan)
	This paper proposes an optical system that has an angle with respect to the optical axis of the projection lens and projects a high-definition image on a cylindrical surface while maintaining the brightness of the projection lens by using of a curved mirror that is arranged to Scheimpflug.
PRJ2-4L 11:50	High-Speed RGB+IR Projector Based on Coaxial Optical Design with Two Digital Mirror Devices Uwe Lippmann², Petra Aswendt³, Roland Höfling³, Kiwamu Sumino⁴, Kunihiro Ueda⁴, Yoshihide Ono⁴, Hidenori Kasebe⁴, Tohru Yamashita⁴, Takeshi Yuasa⁴, *Yoshihiro Watanabe¹ 1. Tokyo Institute of Technology (Japan), 2. Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering (Germany), 3. ViALUX GmbH (Germany), 4. Tokyo Electron Device Limited (Japan)
	This study proposes a novel high-speed RGB+IR projector which introduces sensing in invisible wavelengths and can manipulate visible display images based on its sensing results. Two mounted DMDs control RGB and IR images simultaneously. Our original optics aligns the images coaxially while maintaining a compact configuration and high-power projection.

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PRJ3/FMC1: Optical Component

Dec. 2 13:30-14:30

Chair: Hirotsugu Yamamoto (Utsunomiya Univ.)
Co-Chair: Hiroaki Sugiura (Mitsubishi Elec.)

PRJ3/FMC1-1 13:30	Invited Milliwatt-class Green and Blue GaN-based Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers *Kenichi Terao¹, Hitoshi Nagai¹, Daisuke Morita¹, Shingo Masui¹, Tomoya Yanamoto¹, Shin-ichi Nagahama¹ 1. Nichia Corporation (Japan)
	We demonstrated a room-temperature continuous-wave operation of the single-mode green and blue VCSELs with epitaxially grown AlInN/GaN DBRs. Our blue VCSELs show the highest wall-plug efficiency of 13.6% and stable CW operation. Our green VCSELs also provide the highest optical output power exceeding 1.5 mW and wall-plug efficiency of 3.7%.
PRJ3/FMC1-2 13:50	Withdrawn

PRJ3/FMC1-3 14:10	Integrated of LED/Laser-SCP Light Source for High-Output Smart DMD Headlight *Kenneth Li¹, Y. P. Chang², Lion Wang², Stark Tsai², Andy Chen² 1. Optonomous Technologies Inc. (United States of America), 2. Taiwan Color Optics, Inc. (Taiwan)
	In this study, the smart headlight consists of a well-developed, high efficiency, automotive qualified white LED, a TI digit mirror device (DMD), a projection lens, and a LED together with two laser diodes and a SCP plate.

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PRJ4: Automotive Display
Special Topics of Interest on Automotive Displays

Dec. 2 15:20-16:40

Chair: Kazuhiro Ohara (Keynote Photonics)
Co-Chair: Masaru Kuramoto (Stanley)

PRJ4-1 15:20	An ADB Headlight Module with Coaxial Optical System for Lighting and Sensing *Haruka Terashima¹, Masashige Suwa¹, Muneharu Kuwata¹ 1. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (Japan)
	We proposed an ADB headlight module with coaxial optical system for lighting and sensing. In this method, the unlit area easily corresponds to the position of a vehicle to the front. Also, our headlight’s response speed is estimated to be about 20 times faster than that of the traditional method.
PRJ4-2 15:40	Automotive Lighting Technology for Driver's Visibility Improvement Using Imperceptible Pattern Illumination *Toshiyuki Amano¹, Keigo Takemine¹, Junna Tsukuma 1. Wakayama University (Japan)
	This paper introduces the driver's vision support concept using pixelated headlights with imperceptive pattern illumination for automotive lighting. Through the experiment, we confirmed that our projection does not harm visibility for the pedestrians and on-coming car driver's vision while the in-vehicle driver's visibility is enhanced.
PRJ4-3 16:00	Automobile Interior Design Support Using Projection Mapping onto Full-Scale Physical Mockup and Driving Simulator *Ryotaro Yoshida¹, Toshihiro Hara², Yusaku Takeda², Kenji Murase², Daisuke Iwai¹, Kosuke Sato¹ 1. Osaka University (Japan), 2. Mazda Motor Corporation (Japan)
	We developed a system that projects 3-dimensional (3D) models of car interior using projectors to promote more efficient and flexible designing. It allows designers to evaluate the interior while feeling as if they are driving a car. This design environment is achieved by reproducing the lighting environment with projection mapping.
PRJ4-4L 16:20	Invited Design Principles and User Experience of Automotive Head-Up Display Development *Vassilis Charissis¹, Kweku Bram Larbi¹, Ramesh Lagoo², Shu Wang³, Soheeb Khan¹ 1. Glasgow Caledonian University (UK), 2. Core Lab + Ltd. (UK), 3. Volkswagen (China)
	The paper presents a comparison of three prototype Head-Up Display interfaces aiming to improve drivers’ safety. The evaluation attempts to identify their user-experience commonalities which are prefered by the drivers and improve their driving pattern and safety.

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PRJ5: AR/VR
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 3 9:00-10:00

Chair: Tetsuji Suzuki (JVC KENWOOD)
Co-Chair: Kensuke Hisatomi (NHK)

PRJ5-1 9:00	Invited Workflow and Technologies for Immersive XR *Hiroshi Mukawa¹ 1. Sony Group Corporation (Japan)
	A number of technologies must be highly integrated to deliver immersive XR experiences to users. This applies not only to XR hardware but also to content creation and distribution technologies. In this paper, the author will discuss an immersive XR workflow and introduce some of the key technologies.
PRJ5-2 9:20	Wide-Field-of-View Head-Mounted Display Employing Optical Coupling Method on Retina Using Four Display Panels and Eyepieces *Daiichi Koide¹, Yasutaka Maeda¹, Kensuke Hisatomi¹, Tomoyuki Mishina¹ 1. NHK (Japan)
	We investigated wide-field-of-view head-mounted display employing optical coupling method on retina using four display panels. We designed and simulated an optical system by optical ray tracing to a human-eye model. We developed a 180 degree of wide-FoV optical system for the HMD to render binocular images from high-resolution VR movies.
PRJ5-3 9:40	AR/VR Near-Eye Displays: Meeting their Distinctive Challenges in Display Quality Control Ajay K. Arunachalam¹, Tobias Steinel¹, *Cameron R. Hughes¹ 1. Instrument Systems Gmbh (Germany)
	Near eye displays (NEDs) exhibit a number of effects including distortion and sharpness distribution due to the optics that generate the virtual image. We present why a spectrally enhanced camera based system such as the LumiTop is ideal for production testing of these displays.

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PRJ6: Smart City

Dec. 3 10:50-12:10

Chair: Satoshi Ouchi (Hitachi)
Co-Chair: Daisuke Iwai (Osaka Univ.)

PRJ6-1 10:50	Hand Gesture and Speech Switchable Text Input Method for Wearable Augmented/Virtual Reality Devices *Ziyao Cheng¹, Qiang Chu¹, Gang Li¹, Chao Ping Chen¹ 1. Shanghai Jiao Tong University (China)
	We propose a hybrid text input method that caters to wearable augmented/virtual reality devices. When traditional input peripherals, e.g. mice and keyboards, are not available, this method can be an alternative by enabling users to type letters, numbers and symbols via either hand gesture or speech.
PRJ6-2 11:10	A Method for Automatically Generating 3DCG Based Maintenance Training Contents from 2D Based Storyboard *Takayuki Fujiwara¹, Daisuke Katsumata², Ryoichi Kabata³, Yoshihito Narita⁴, Katsuro Kikuchi⁵ 1. Hitachi, Ltd. (Japan), 2. Hitachi Systems, Ltd., (Japan), 3. Hitachi Systems, Ltd., (Japan), 4. Hitachi Systems, Ltd., (Japan), 5. Hitachi Systems, Ltd., (Japan)
	We propose method of automatically generating 3DCG-based maintenance training content from 2D-based storyboard. It utilizes attribute tables for each 3DCG object. These tables and definitions automatically generate content from the storyboard. A trial with seven examinees showed that the reduction cost was over 40% compared with an existing content-generation method.
PRJ6-3 11:30	Sign Language Learning Support System using HMD with Hand-tracking Function *Ryota Akaba¹, Shinsuke Shikama¹ 1. Setsunan University (Japan)
	We have developed learning support application of Japanese sign language using stand-alone HMD withhand-tracking function. The application is based on a unique hand-shape recognition algorithm. Regarding the application program, we have conducted subjective evaluation regarding to the understandability of theVR-learning system. In addition, we have compared the learners’ favorability among three teaching materials(VR-system, textbooks, videos) regarding sign language learning items.
PRJ6-4L 11:50	Luggage Object Classification from Range Images *Akinobu Watanabe¹ 1. Hitachi, Ltd. (Japan)
	We developed the luggage object classification technique from range image captured by TOF sensor and confirmed the accuracy of 10 class classification is about 98% and loss is 3% by the 3D-data based model trained by small point cloud data.

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PRJ7: Evaluation of Visual Effect

Dec. 3 13:30-14:50

Chair: Takayuki Fujiwara (Hitachi)
Co-Chair: Makio Kurashige (DNP)

PRJ7-1 13:30	Flicker Calculation Method for Dynamic Refresh Rate Display *Yutaka Maeda¹, Satoshi Masuda¹, Mikio Uematsu¹ 1. KonicaMinolta, inc. (Japan)
	Variable refresh rate technology (hereinafter called VRR) has been widely used across different applications. In this paper, a new flicker measure based on IEC standardized method is proposed. Our simulation indicates that existing flicker measure shows unstable result measuring aperiodic waveform while the new flicker measure enhances robustness.
PRJ7-2 13:50	Color Speckle Analysis of RGB Laser Display Using CIE xyY Color Space *Junichi Kinoshita¹, Kazuhisa Yamamoto¹, Kazuo Kuroda² 1. Osaka University (Japan), 2. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	Color speckle of Rec.2020 RGB laser display is analyzed using CIE xyY color space. The Y-axis is normalized by the illuminance at the reference white. The relation between the chromaticity and the normalized illuminance is clarified along the three lines through each of the primary colors and the reference white.
PRJ7-3 14:10	The Ocular effects of Virtual Reality Headset in Teenagers *Hsien-Chang Lin¹, Ching-Huang Lin¹, Chih-Hao Chuang², Chien-Yu Chen³ 1. National Yunlin University of Science & Technology (Taiwan), 2. National Taiwan University (Taiwan), 3. National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan)
	In this study, the vision measurement procedure is used to determine the discomfort of using VR headset. As the analyzed results shown, diopter (D), amplitude of accommodation (A.A), intraocular pressure (IOP) and stereopsis are helpful to check the ocular effect of teenagers with VR headset. According to this procedure, it can provide an essential basis for preventing fatigue and discomfort caused by VR using in teenagers.
PRJ7-4 14:30	Invited Research on Measuring Methods of Immersion for Virtual Display *Bo Qiao¹, Yang Pan¹, Guanxiong Pei¹, Taihao Li¹, Shuai Yao¹ 1. Zhejiang Lab (China)
	Immersion is an important parameter to characterize the performance of virtual display in interaction. In this study, we proposed a measuring methods of immersion for virtual display based on neurocomputing method. By comparing with self-report method, the consistency index was at a relatively high level, which indicates that EEG-based neurocomputing offers an option to evaluate the immersion of virtual display.

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PRJ8: Application

Dec. 3 15:20-16:40

Chair: Hidekazu Hatanaka (Ushio)
Co-Chair: Cuypers Dieter (Ghent Univ., CMST)

PRJ8-1 15:20	Invited A High-brightness and High-image-quality Projector Using Laser Light Source *Takashi Toyooka¹, Makoto Zakoji¹ 1. Seiko Epson Corporation (Japan)
	A laser projector with high brightness and high image quality has been realized. Monochromatic laser diodes and a phosphor wheel are combined to generate a large amount of white light. Optimal control of the laser light source solved the problem of image flicker. Laser projectors have become widespread owing to their superior brightness and image quality, and projector applications have expanded significantly.
PRJ8-2 15:40	Modular Laser Light Sources for High-Brightness Projectors *Peter Janssens¹, Allel Chedad¹ 1. Barco n.v. (Belgium)
	Barco has developed a modular laser light source for high-brightness projectors. The light source consists of a limited set of building blocks and enables a whole range of RGB-laser and laser-phosphor projectors up to 50klm.
PRJ8-3 16:00	Anti-Masked Face Recognition and Eye Tracking for Direct-View Augmented Reality Surgical Navigation *Jian-Lung Chen¹, Yu-Ju Chao¹, Ting-Hsun Cheng¹, Yu-Hsin Lin¹ 1. Industrial Technology Research Institute (Taiwan)
	The world has been affected by the pneumonia (COVID-19), people began to wear masks in daily or working. It represented a huge challenge for face recognition. The algorithms would be less accurate if part of face was concealed in face detection and eye tracking in surgery roomAR surgical system displayed surgeons information about the lesion structure, and providing information in the surgery. The facial...
PRJ8-4 16:20	High Power Stationary Laser Phosphor with Rotating Tilted Mirror with White Light for Projection Applications *Kenneth Li¹, Y. P. Chang², Lion Wang², Andy Chen², W.H. Cheng³, Pin Han³, Chih-Ming Chen³, C.N. Liu³ 1. Optonomous Technologies Inc. (United States of America), 2. Taiwan Color Optics, Inc. (Taiwan), 3. National Chung Hsing University (Taiwan)
	This paper presents a stationary phosphor system in which the highest power density of over 305 W per sq. mm has been achieved, which is 6 times higher than the original limit of the phosphor material. Thinner phosphor plates are to be studies for even higher power operations with expected higher limits.

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PRJ9: Active Component

Dec. 3 17:10-18:10

Chair: Osamu Akimoto (Sony Semiconductor Solutions)
Co-Chair: Bart Maximus (Barco)

PRJ9-1 17:10	Invited The Phase-Only Spatial Light Modulator with 3.5 µm Pixel Pitch *Nariyasu Sugawara¹, Yoshitomo Isomae¹, Nobuo Iwasaki¹, Tomoaki Honda¹, Koichi Amari¹ 1. Sony Group Corporation (Japan)
	Comprehensive overview of design requirements and issues in the development of phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM) based liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) technologies is presented. Phase-only SLMs enable many applications such as holographic three-dimensional (3D) displays, head-up displays for automobiles, laser processing, 3D printers, optical communication, and optical computing. Our LCOS panel can achieve high image quality represented by world-class high contrast ratio. In addition...
PRJ9-2 17:30	Invited Sub-millisecond Switching Liquid Crystal on Silicon Spatial Light Modulators For Increased Information Bandwidth *Kun Li^1,2, Mike Pivnenko², Daping Chu² 1. Southeast University (China), 2. University of Cambridge (UK)
	We demonstrate fast response time in working LCOS SLMs for the visible wavelength range applications. The same LCOS SLM can be modulated for phase-only applications and amplitude applications separately. For phase-only applications, the LCOS can achieve more than 2π of phase depth modulation at 640 nm wavelength. Sub-millisecond response time with no degradation of the contrast ratio or diffraction efficiency is demonstrated.
PRJ9-3 17:50	Thin Switchable Liquid Crystal Fresnel Lenses *Dieter Cuypers¹, Rik Verplancke¹, Herbert De Smet¹ 1. imec and Ghent University (Belgium)
	A summary discussion of the manufacturability and implementation issues concerning switchable liquid crystal based Fresnel lenses fabricated on thin, semi-flexible foils is presented.

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PRJp1: Projection Technology

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

PRJp1-1	Design and Fabrication of Wide-Viewing-Angle Ambient Light Rejection Front Projection Screen *Fung Hsu Wu¹ 1. BenQ Materials Corp. (Taiwan)
	The image quality of reflective type displays is decreased by ambient light. This paper proposed a screen that composed of a micro-lens film with printed black ink stripes and a matte-white-reflection layer to reduce the influence of ambient light in the front projection system. The ambient light was guided to light absorptive black ink by micro-lens and thus enhance the contrast ratio of the image...
PRJp1-2	Optical Design Suitable for Both Immersive Aerial Display System and Capturing User Motion *Masaki Yasugi¹, Hirotsugu Yamamoto¹ 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	We have developed an immersive aerial display system where life-sized aerial images surrounds a user. Our optical design features optical see-through structure that enables communication between the user and people outside the system. Furthermore, tracking of the user movements has been realized by use of near-infrared illumination and retro-reflective markers.
PRJp1-3	Full-Color AR Display Based on Thin Grating in Waveguide Element *Pei-Chun Chen¹, Wen-Kai Lin^1,2, Shao-Kui Zhou^1,2, Cen-Shawn Wu¹, Wei-Chia Su¹ 1. National Changhua University of Education (Taiwan), 2. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (Taiwan)
	This study proposed the AR device composed of two diffractive waveguide combiners to achieve a 32.6° full-color display function. The first waveguide provides the red image and half of the green image. The other one provides the blue image and the other part of the green image.
PRJp1-4	The Design of Head-up Display Based on Symmetric Holographic Optical Elements. *Yu-Cheng Fan¹, Wen-Kai Lin^1,2, Shao-Kui Zhou^1,2, Wei-Chia Su¹ 1. National Changhua University of Education (Taiwan), 2. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (Taiwan)
	The study proposes HOE based on symmetric structure and exit pupil imagery of the HUD system. The symmetric structure of the system helps eliminate aberration. The exit pupil is imaged by the HOEs in front of human eyes and provides sufficient FOV.

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Workshop on EP Electronic Paper

Dec. 1	13:20-14:20	EP1	Various Evolving e-Paper Technologies and Application
Dec. 1	14:50-15:50	EP2	Electrochromic Display Technologies

EP1: Various Evolving e-Paper Technologies and Application

Dec. 1 13:20-14:20

Chair: Shuichi Maeda (Tokai Univ.)
Co-Chair: Keisuke Hashimoto (E Ink Holdings)

EP1-1	Withdrawn

EP1-2 13:20	Invited Electronic Tile for Decorating Walls and 3D Surfaces *Makoto Omodani¹, Ryota Nojima¹, Yusuke Sekiguchi¹, Hiroyuki Yaguchi¹ 1. Tokyo Denki University (Japan)
	Application of Electronic Paper is now expanding from document displays to architectural applications. We have proposed e-Tile for this kind of extended applications. A prototype of large panel was realized by arraying e-Tile on a flat plane. Prototypes of cubic displays were also realized by constructing e-Tiles to cubic shape.
EP1-3 13:40	Invited Frontlight System for Semi-Specular Reflective Displays *Tony Nichol¹, Jose Romero¹, Eric Blair¹ 1. Azumo Inc (United States of America)
	We present a frontlight system for semi-specular displays such as reflective LCDs. These displays require illumination with a high degree of angular control and uniformity from a transparent substrate. The frontlight enables proper matching of the illumination field to the display reflectivity profile for improved contrast, color and efficiency.
EP1-4 14:00	Invited Reflective Displays and Green Technology *Alex Henzen^1,2,3 1. South China Normal University (China), 2. Liquid Light Ltd. (China), 3. GR8 Optoelectronics Ltd. (Hong Kong)
	Displays continue to improve performance. In particular, color reproduction and peak brightness are target for display development. But with better performance, power economy is difficult to maintain. Reflective display technology and e-paper so far weren’t able to fill in the gap, but if the dream of smart cities is to become reality, it will have to do so.

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EP2: Electrochromic Display Technologies

Dec. 1 14:50-15:50

Chair: Norihisa Kobayashi (Chiba Univ.)
Co-Chair: Yoshihiko Hotta (EP-WS Program Committee)

EP2-1 14:50	Invited Ultralight Floating Electrochromic Devices with Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer *Masayoshi Higuchi¹, Yukio Fujii¹, Sanjoy Mondal¹, Yoshiharu Hamada², Akihiro Kubota², Mitsuhiro Miyazaki², Keishi Ohashi³, Ritsuko Nagahata⁴ 1. National Institute for Materials Science (Japan), 2. Tama Art University (Japan), 3. Waseda University (Japan), 4. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (Japan)
	Ru(II)-based metallo-supramolecular polymer (polyRu) was synthesized by the complexation of Ru(II) ion and bis(terpyridyl)benzene. An electrochromic device (ECD) with polyRu worked as supercapattery by the suitable combination with the counter material. Based on the supercapattery property, ultralight floating ECDs were fabricated with polyRu coated on a flexible ITO PET film.
EP2-2 15:10	Ligand Induced Low Operation Voltage Ru-Based Metallo-Supramolecular Polymer as Energy Saving Electrochromic Display Device *Dines Chandra Santra¹, Masayoshi Higuchi¹ 1. National Institute for Materials Science (Japan)
	Electron rich ligand induced low working voltage Ru2+ based metallosupramolecular polymer (MSP) has been reported for efficient and durable electrochromic (EC) display applications. The violet color polymer film exhibited switching at +0.6 V. The fabricated solid display device shows distinct color change with high optical contrast ratio, fast switching time, high coloration efficiency and long life stability within this voltage with enhance display memory effect.
EP2-3 15:30	Invited Advanced Electrochromic Display Utilizing Electrochemical Control of Silver-Deposited Nanoparticle Form *Shunsuke Kimura^1,2, Kazuki Nakamura¹, Norihisa Kobayashi¹ 1. Chiba University (Japan), 2. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan)
	The novel electrochromic system utilizing electrodeposition of silver can express various optical properties such as mirror, black, cyan, magenta, yellow, and green in a single device. It is expected to be used as an advanced reflective electrochromic display.

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Workshop on MEMS and Emerging Technologies for Future Displays and Devices

Dec. 1	13:00-14:20	MEET1	Micro/NanoDisplays and Nanotechnology Application (1)
Dec. 1	14:50-16:10	MEET2	Micro/NanoDisplays and Nanotechnology Application (2)
Dec. 1	16:40-18:00	MEET3	Micro/NanoDisplays and Nanotechnology Application (3)
Dec. 3	9:00-10:20	MEET4	EL Quantum Dots Technologies (1)
Dec. 3	10:50-12:10	MEET5	EL Quantum Dots Technologies (2)
Dec. 3	13:30-14:30	MEET6	Emerging Quantum Dots and Nanotechnologies (1)
Dec. 3	15:20-16:20	MEET7	Emerging Quantum Dots and Nanotechnologies (2)
Dec. 3	17:10-18:10	MEET8	Novel Materials, Fundamental Components and Process Technologies

MEET1: Micro/NanoDisplays and Nanotechnology Application (1)
Special Topics of Interest on Micro/Mini LEDs

Dec. 1 13:00-14:20

Chair: Jie Sun (Fuzhou Univ.)
Co-Chair: Chien-chung Lin (Nat. Taiwan Univ.)

MEET1-1 13:00	Invited Far-UVC to Red Nitride Nano-LEDs Matthew Stevenson¹, David Laleyan¹, Zetian Mi^1,3,2, *Seth Coe-Sullivan¹, Xianhe Liu^2,3, Yuanpeng Wu³, Yakshita Malhotra³, Yi Sun³, Yong-Ho Ra², Renjie Wang² 1. NS Nanotech (United States of America), 2. McGill University (Canada), 3. University of Michigan (United States of America)
	We demonstrate the use of Nitride semiconductors as the light emitting layer in a series of devices, from Visible emitting LEDs, to far-UVC LEDs and novel light emitting devices.
MEET1-2 13:20	Invited Better but Worse, the Challenging Promise of Micro LEDs *Khaled Ahmed¹ 1. Intel (United States of America)
	More than $4B have been spent over a decade to explore high-brightness, low-power MicroLED displays. The key challenge is maintaining power efficiency as MicroLEDs scale down to ~5µm. MicroLEDs scaling down results in better light extraction efficiency, but worse internal quantum efficiency. This conundrum is quantified here using physics-based models.
MEET1-3 13:40	Invited Elastomer Stamp Mass Transfer of PixelEngine Devices for High-Performance Micro-LED Displays *Christopher A. Bower¹, Salvatore Bonafede ¹, Erich Radauscher¹, Andrew Pearson¹, Carl Prevatte¹, Ben Keller¹, Brook Raymond¹, Tiffany Weeks¹, Geoff Bradshaw¹, Erik Vick¹, Chris Verreen¹, David Kneeburg¹, Nikhil Jain¹, Matthew A. Meitl¹ 1. X Display Company (United States of America)
	Mass transfer technologies provide display-makers the opportunity to use high-performance devices formed on wafers inside the pixel array to achieve enhanced display performance. Mass transfer using patterned elastomer stamps is a high yield, high throughput, accurate and cost-effective technique for assembling microLEDs and microICs onto display panels.
MEET1-4 14:00	Invited 89-inch 5K Curved Pixel-LED Matrix Micro-LED Display *Ying-Tsang (Falcon) Liu¹, Yun-Li Li¹ 1. PlayNitride Display Co., Ltd. (Taiwan)
	MicroLED display is an emerging technology with high brightness, high contrast ratio, and wide color gamut. Based on our proprietary PixeLED Matrix utilized by PixeLED display and SMAR·Tech repair technology, we could build borderless and tiling MicroLED displays with mature Surface-Mount Technology process.

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MEET2: Micro/NanoDisplays and Nanotechnology Application (2)
Special Topics of Interest on Micro/Mini LEDs

Dec. 1 14:50-16:10

Chair: Zhaojun Liu (Southern Univ. of S&T)
Co-Chair: Jonghyun Moon (Shizuoka Univ.)

MEET2-1 14:50	Invited Improvement of Micro-LED Efficiency Through Optimization of Electrode Area and Device Geometry *Ioannis Kymissis^1,2, Keith Behrman¹, Vincent W Lee² 1. Columbia University (United States of America), 2. Lumiode (United States of America)
	MicroLEDs offer the potential to develop a variety of displays in a number of new formats and with exceptional performance with luminance, efficiency, and color gamut unavailable with other techniques. One of the challenges in microLED displays, however, has been the dramatic change in device efficiency over the bias applied in operating devices, especially as pixel size is reduced. In this work, we show a path towards optimizing the efficiency of small format microLEDs through optimization of the electrode area and reduction in damage to individual chiplets by reducing the area exposed to etching in microLED devices.
MEET2-2 15:10	Invited Advanced Nano-Scale Epitaxy for Full Color Micro-LED Displays *Matthew Charles¹, Roy Dagher², Mrad Mrad², Kilian Baril³, Nicolas Mante¹, Blandine Alloing³, Cécile Gourgon², Jesus Zuniga Perez³, Guy Feuillet¹ 1. CEA-LETI (France), 2. CNRS LTM (France), 3. CNRS CRHEA (France)
	Nano-epitaxy shows great promise towards high quality LEDs on silicon wafers, which will be perfectly suited to micro-LEDs or micro-displays. In particular, the use of compliant nano-pillars is shown to reduce dislocation density and avoid strain in the layers.
MEET2-3 15:30	Invited A New Scheme to Enhance the Color Conversion Efficiency of GaN μLEDs Zaifa Du¹, Fengsong Qian¹, Fangzhu Xiong¹, Penghao Tang¹, Yongai Zhang², Xiongtu Zhou², Weiling Guo¹, Qun Yan², *Jie Sun² 1. Beijing University of Technology (China), 2. Fuzhou University (China)
	This paper reports our work in the application of localized surface plasmon (LSP) and non-radiative energy transfer (NRET) mechanisms in micro LEDs (μLEDs). μLEDs with the dimension of 40 μm × 60 μm and dry-etched nanoholes (NHs) in the mesas were fabricated. The metal nanoparticles (NPs) and color converting quantum dots (QDs) were filled into the NHs etched through the active region. Through the final optical measurements, the results are quite gratifying. This scheme is expected to promote the development of full-color displays in the future, achieving more efficient display technology based on μLEDs.
MEET2-4 15:50	Invited A Fine-Pitched Full-Color Micro-LED Technology for AR/MR Displays *Chien-chung Lin^1,2, Kai-Ling Liang¹, Wei-Hung Kuo¹, Yen-Hsiang Fang¹ 1. Industrial Technology Research Institute (Taiwan), 2. National Taiwan University (Taiwan)
	We demonstrate our recent study of a 0.55 inch full-color micro-LED display with 992 PPI resolution. The display is structured with a blue micro-LED array with of 1984 PPI which was bonded on a CMOS driving matrix, and it is converted from the monochrome micro-LED arraydisplay to full colored one by colloidal quantum dots.

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MEET3: Micro/NanoDisplays and Nanotechnology Application (3)
Special Topics of Interest on Micro/Mini LEDs

Dec. 1 16:40-18:00

Chair: Dongwook Lee (Hongik Univ.)
Co-Chair: Kyu Chang Park (KyungHee Univ.)

MEET3-1 16:40	Invited Full-Color Display with High Color Stability Obtained by Incorporating Semipolar LEDs and Quantum Dot Photoresist *Konthoujam James Singh¹, Yu-Ming Huang¹, Hao-Chung Kuo¹ 1. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (Taiwan)
	We demonstrated red-green-blue (RGB) full-color micro light emitting diodes (µ-LEDs) using quantum dot photoresist color conversion layer. The RGB pixel displayed a low color shift with current density and had a wide color gamut of 114.4% NTSC and 85.4% Rec. 2020.
MEET3-2 17:00	Invited Investigation of GaN-based Micro-LEDs with Passivation Layers Wenjun Huang¹, Mengyuan Zhanghu¹, Yunfang Guan², Byung-Ryool Hyun¹, Chengfeng Qiu², *Zhaojun Liu^1,2 1. Southern University of Science and Technology (China), 2. Shenzhen SiTan Technology Cooperation Limited (China)
	Micro-light-emitting diodes (Micro-LEDs) with various pixel size and device structures are designed and fabricated based on sapphire substrate. Systematically investigation of GaN-based Micro-LEDs with dielectric layer deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) is reported. The devices with ALD passivation and KOHtreatment exhibit better I-V characteristics, smaller ideal factor, and better reliability for high-brightness displays.
MEET3-3 17:20	Withdrawn

MEET3-4 17:40	Invited Micro-LED Displays Continuous Progress *Zine Bouhamri¹, Eric Virey² 1. Yole KK (Japan), 2. Yole Développement (France)
	Having analyzed the most recent trends in microLED display technologies and their intellectual property landscapes, which have been growing exponentially since 2014, we want to exhibit here the key technologies, highlight the unusual solutions, and provide insights on the status of microLED developments.

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MEET4: EL Quantum Dots Technologies (1)
Special Topics of Interest on Quantum Dot Technologies

Dec. 3 9:00-10:20

Chair: Haizheng Zhong (Beijing Inst. of Tech.)
Co-Chair: Jang Hyuk Kwon (KyungHee Univ.)

MEET4-1 9:00	Invited Ferroelectric Oxide for Display *Jin Jang¹, Md Mehedi Hasan¹, Suhui Lee¹ 1. Kyung Hee University (Korea)
	We report oxide TFTs with ferroelectric gate insulator for display application. With HfZrO and ZrOx showing ferroelectric properties have been used for ZnO TFTs. In this talk we will focus on how to make ferroelectric materials at low temperatures for flexible electronics.
MEET4-2 9:20	Invited Super-Stable Quantum Dots for Low-Cost, Barrier-Free Components *Regina Qiu¹, David Olmeijer¹, Shihai Kan¹, Chris Sunderland¹, Austin Smith¹, Ashavani Kumar¹, Jason Tillman¹, Annie Chow¹, Michael Niemeyer¹, Jay Yamanaga¹, Mark Bokchtein¹, Kevin Wang¹, Zhongsheng Luo¹, Jeff Yurek¹ 1. Nanosys (United States of America)
	Nanosys invented the QDEF(TM) quantum dot film technology¹ for LCDs and has had great success in the premium LCD TV segment with more than 40 million quantum dot (QD) displays shipped worldwide since 2013. A typical QDEF component contains a layer of QD sandwiched between two layers of optically transparent barrier films (typically PET films with specialized thin-film coatings designed to protect QD from oxygen...
MEET4-3 9:40	Invited Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diode Based Photomedicine: In Vitro Results to Date and Tunable Features for Targeted Phototherapy *Manuel Alejandro Triana¹, Hamid El Hamidi², Jonathan Celli², Raymond Lanzafame³, Shin-Tson Wu¹, Yajie Dong¹ 1. University of Central Florida (United States of America), 2. University of Massachusetts Boston (United States of America), 3. QLEDCures LLC (United States of America)
	Our recent in-vitro studies in photodynamic therapy and photobiomodulation have demonstrated the high potential of quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) as alternative photomedical light sources. Herein, we summarize the QLED in-vitro results to date and present the tunable features making QLEDs unique for targeted phototherapy of disorders and conditions.
MEET4-4 10:00	Invited High-Efficiency Blue Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes *Kai Wang¹ 1. Southern University of Science and Technology (China)
	Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have emerged as attractive optoelectronic devices for displays. However, “Blue Gaps” exit for PeLEDs. In this presentation, we will introduce our recent work on high-efficiency blue PeLEDs through suppressing low-order phase, passivating traps and defects, and facilitating efficient energy transfer between perovskites.

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MEET5: EL Quantum Dots Technologies (2)
Special Topics of Interest on Quantum Dot Technologies

Dec. 3 10:50-12:10

Chair: Chien-chung Lin (Nat. Taiwan Univ.)
Co-Chair: Jie Sun (Fuzhou Univ.)

MEET5-1 10:50	Invited Narrow-Band Phosphors for Next Generation Mini-LED and Micro-LED Displays *James Murphy¹, Samuel Camardello¹, Mark Doherty¹, Jerry Liu¹, paul smigelski¹, Anant Setlur¹ 1. GE Research (United States of America)
	Both phosphors and quantum dots are currently used in liquid crystal displays (LCDs), with GE’s KSF narrow red phosphor (K2SiF6:Mn4+) demonstrating the best possible red color point, reliability, and efficiency. Next generation miniLED and microLED based displays require excellent color quality (gamut) and high brightness which will require color conversion materials with high EQE and narrow emission peaks. Here we describe recent advancements in narrow-band...
MEET5-2 11:10	Invited Disruptive Infrared Image Sensors Enabled by Quantum Dots *Pawel E Malinowski¹, Jiwon Lee¹, Epimitheas Georgitzikis¹, Vladimir Pejovic^1,2, Itai Lieberman¹, Joo-Hyoung Kim¹, Myung-Jin Lim¹, Griet Uytterhoeven¹, Luis Moreno Hagelsieb¹, TungHuei Ke¹, Yunlong Li¹, Renaud Puybaret¹, Gauri Karve¹, Tom Verschooten¹, Steven Thijs¹, Paul Heremans^1,2, David Cheyns¹ 1. imec (Belgium), 2. KU Leuven (Belgium)
	Sensors based on quantum dot photodiodes promise quality and accessibility improvement of infrared imaging. We demonstrate sub-2 μm pixel pitch arrays with EQE above 40% at 1450 nm. Monolithic integration enables high throughput and wide deployment of SWIR imagers in applications that previously could not afford them.
MEET5-3 11:30	Invited Recent Trends and Challenges in EL-QD Display Technologies *Jin-goo Kang¹, Jaekook Ha¹, Changhee Lee¹ 1. Samsung Display (Korea)
	In this paper, recent R&D trends will be reviewed of EL-QD materials, devices, and patterning methods, as well as display panels, demonstrated by panel makers. As well, major technical challenges will be discussed, which remains for mass production of the EL-QD display.
MEET5-4 11:50	Invited Device Physics and Material Chemistry of Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes *Yizheng Jin¹ 1. Zhejiang University (China)
	Quantum dots (QDs) are a unique class of emitters with size-tunable emission wavelengths, saturated emission colors, near-unity luminance efficiency, inherent photo- and thermal- stability and excellent solution processability. In the past few years, the efficiency and lifetime of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) achieved tremendous progress. These encouraging facts foreshadow the commercialization of QLEDs, which promises an unprecedented generation of cost-effective, large-area, energy-saving, wide-color-gamut, ultra-thin and...

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MEET6: Emerging Quantum Dots and Nanotechnologies (1)
Special Topics of Interest on Quantum Dot Technologies

Dec. 3 13:30-14:30

Chair: Yizheng Jin (Zhejiang Univ.)
Co-Chair: Kai Wang (Southern Univ. of S&T)

MEET6-1 13:30	Invited In-situ Fabrication of Patterned Perovskite Quantum Dots for Display Applications *Haizheng Zhong¹ 1. Beijing Institute of Technology (China)
	Aiming to the integration into Micro-LED applications, patterning is usually one of the most critical steps. We report on the combination of in-situ fabrication with inject-printing and direct laser writing, which provides an efficient and simple scheme for patterning perovskite quantum dots during the formation process.
MEET6-2 13:50	Invited Organic Nano-Dots as Efficient Color Conversion Layer *Jang Hyuk Kwon¹, Raju Lampande¹ 1. Kyung Hee University (Korea)
	We report the application of the organic nano-dots as color conversion layers (CCLs), which resulted in high color conversion efficiencies, good photochemical stability and excellent repeatability. Our CCLs will have wide applicability in light-emitting devices due to their exceptional combination of properties compared to conventional CCL materials.
MEET6-3 14:10	Invited Fabrication Process of Organic and Quantum Dot-Based Light-Emitting Diodes for Full-Color Display Suhyeon Lee¹, Seyoung Oh¹, Geun Woo Baek¹, *Jeonghun Kwak¹ 1. Seoul National University (Korea)
	Fabrication processes for organic and quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diodes for realizing full-color displays is demonstrated, one is an inkjet printing of the QD layer and another is a common layer structure. With the methods, device performances were also improved.

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MEET7: Emerging Quantum Dots and Nanotechnologies (2)
Special Topics of Interest on Quantum Dot Technologies

Dec. 3 15:20-16:20

Chair: Kyu Chang Park (KyungHee Univ.)
Co-Chair: Dongwook Lee (Hongik Univ.)

MEET7-1 15:20	Invited Electroluminescence of Metal-Free Quantum Dots *George Fern¹, Aqeel Ahmad Khan¹, Myles Worsley¹, Oliver Buchan¹, Muttulingham Kumaraverl¹, Terry Ireland¹, David Smith¹, Karnik Tarverdi¹, Jack Silver¹ 1. Brunel University London (UK)
	We report some of our first studies on the synthesis and characterization of metal free luminescent nanomaterials, their optical properties and incorporation into functional electroluminescent devices.
MEET7-2 15:40	Invited Environmentally Benign, Beyond-InP Quantum Dots for Self-Emissive Display Devices *Heesun Yang¹, Sun-Hyoung Lee¹, Dae-Yeon Jo¹, Suk-Young Yoon¹, Sun-Kyo Kim¹, Hyun-Min Kim¹, Yuri Kim¹, Seong Min Park¹ 1. Hongik University (Korea)
	Last decade witnessed great advance in photoluminescent (PL) quality of visible III−V InP quantum dots (QDs) toward bright, sharp emissivity. Nowadays, InP QDs hold an unrivaled position in the field of next-generation display devices. In this work, for an effort to develop non-Cd blue and green QDs as potential alternatives to InP counterparts, viable synthesis of ternary ZnSeTe, InGaP and quaternary Ag-In-Ga-S QDs integrated with...
MEET7-3 16:00	Semipolar Micro-LEDs Combined with All-inorganic Encapsulated Perovskite Nanocrystal for Full-color Display Device and Potential VLC Application Yu-Ming Huang¹, Tingwei Lu², Konthoujam James Singh¹, Wansheng Lin², Yue Lin², Zhong Chen², Tingzhu Wu², *Hao-Chung Kuo¹ 1. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (Taiwan), 2. Xiamen University (China)
	We using a SiO₂coating craft to enhance its stability in ambient conditions and under exposure to blue light. Generally, blue μ-LEDs grown on c-plane GaN own a severe quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE), To fundamentally solve this problem, we proposed semipolar (20-21) blue μ-LEDs to eliminate QCSE.

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MEET8: Novel Materials, Fundamental Components and Process Technologies

Dec. 3 17:10-18:10

Chair: Heesun Yang (Hongik Univ.)
Co-Chair: Jeonghun Kwak (Seoul Nat. Univ.)

MEET8-1 17:10	Invited Nanoscale Patterning of Large-Area Electronic Devices at Low Cost Gwenhivir S Wyatt-Moon¹, *Andrew John Flewitt¹ 1. University of Cambridge (UK)
	Adhesion lithography is a technique which allows a controllable gap of length ~10 nm to be created between coplanar metal electrodes on a variety of substrates without the need for expensive, high-resolution patterning. This enables new levels of device performance for large-area electronics.
MEET8-2 17:30	Invited Tortuously Nanostructured Ultrathin Graphene Oxide-based Encapsulation for Flexible Displays *Dongwook Lee¹, Chan-Soo Kim¹, Woo-Jin Lee¹, Seung-Yeol Yang¹, Yong-Seog Kim¹ 1. Hongik University, Korea (Korea)
	We exemplify an effective design principle for mass-producible 2D material-based super-barriers for flexible displays: fabrication by scalable layer-by-layer assembly process, low defect density, tortuous nanostructure, 100 % surface coverage, hydrophobization, and van der Waals gap narrowing. These design principles consistently stem from one simple rule: blocking all possible diffusion pathways.
MEET8-3 17:50	Invited Carbon-Nanotube Based Cold Cathode Electron Beam (C-beam) for Lithography Application *Kyu Chang Park¹, Sung Tae Yoo¹ 1. Kyung Hee University (Korea)
	Here, ultraviolet (UV) light in various wavelength ranges was developed with a carbon nanotube (CNT)-based cold cathode electron beam (C-beam). The UV properties are related to the electron emission properties of C-beam and the wide bandgap anode materials. The generation of various UV light from UVA to UVC was confirmed. With the UV light, we applied for photo-lithography process to manufacture displays. We confirmed that...

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Workshop on Display Electronic Systems

Dec. 1	13:00-14:00	DES1/AIS1	Deep Learning for Image Analysis
Dec. 1	14:50-15:50	DES2/AIS2	Deep Learning for Multi-Modal X
Dec. 2	9:00-10:20	DES3	Display Driving and Interface Technology
Dec. 2	15:20-16:20	DES4/3D3	3D and Holographic Technology
Dec. 3	9:00-10:20	DES5	TV and Display Systems
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	DESp1	Image Quality Analysis

DES1/AIS1: Deep Learning for Image Analysis

Dec. 1 13:00-14:00

Chair: Jien Kato (Ritsumeikan Univ.)
Co-Chair: Mutsumi Kimura (Ryukoku Univ.)

DES1/AIS1-1 13:00	Invited Deep Learning for Computer-Aided Diagnosis of COVID-19 *Yen-Wei Chen¹, Jiaqing LIU¹, Huiming HUANG², Fang WANG², Lanfen LIN², Tomoko Tateyama³, Yutaro IWAMOTO¹ 1. Ritsumeikan University (Japan), 2. Zhejiang University (China), 3. Shiga University (Japan)
	Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread worldwide. CT is extensively used as a key complement for diagnosing COVID-19; moreover, high sensitivity was reported in patients infected by COVID-19. CT image analysis for quantitative assessments of COVID-19 becomes an important issue. Recently, deep learning has been used for computer-aided diagnosis of COVID-19, including lung infection detection, segmentation, and disease diagnosis, etc. In spite of the...
DES1/AIS1-2 13:20	Invited Image Enhancement for Attractiveness Computing *Toshihiko YAMASAKI¹ 1. The University of Tokyo (Japan)
	Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and big data on the Internet have enabled us to achieve better image processing and editing than ever such as retouching, inpainting, style transfer, and so on. Our research group has been working on attractiveness prediction, reasoning, and even enhancement for images and videos, which we call “attractiveness computing.” Image processing in attractiveness computing also pay attention to image quality, not...
DES1/AIS1-3L 13:40	Invited Image Generation with a Unified Generative Adversarial Network Training via Self-Labeling and Self-Attention *Tomoki Watanabe¹, Paolo Favaro² 1. Toshiba Corporation (Japan), 2. University of Bern (Switzerland)
	Generative Adversarial Network(GAN) is an effective method to obtain an image generation model. We propose a novel GAN training scheme that can handle real images with any level of labeling in a unified manner by introducing a form of artificial labeling. Our scheme consistently improves the quality of generated images.

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DES2/AIS2: Deep Learning for Multi-Modal X

Dec. 1 14:50-15:50

Chair: Seishi Takamura (NTT)
Co-Chair: Mutsumi Kimura (Ryukoku Univ.)

DES2/AIS2-1 14:50	Invited Image Synthesis and Voice Conversion Using Generative Adversarial Networks *Takuhiro Kaneko¹ 1. NTT Corporation (Japan)
	Images and speech are essential for communication, but may be affected by physical/psychological constraints. Recently, deep generative models have emerged to solve this problem. Particularly, as generative adversarial networks (GANs) have high reproduction ability and flexibility, we present their foundation, advancement, and application, focusing on image synthesis and voice conversion.
DES2/AIS2-2 15:30	Invited Challenges of Integrating Vision and Language *Yoshitaka Ushiku^1,2 1. OMRON SINIC X Corp. (Japan), 2. Ridge-i Inc. (Japan)
	The benefits of deep learning are not limited to advanced recognition and generation of data in different modalities, such as images, acoustic signals. As a result of the fact that they are now implemented using commoditized tools based on deep learning, it has become possible to import approaches to understanding other modal data quickly. As a result of the fact that they are now implemented...

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DES3: Display Driving and Interface Technology

Dec. 2 9:00-10:20

Chair: Hyoungsik Nam (Kyung Hee Univ.)
Co-Chair: Junji Kobashi (Japan Display)

DES3-1 9:00	Invited SI-Aware Design Considerations for Flexible Channels on High-Speed Intra-Panel Interfaces in 8K TV Applications *Jinho Kim¹, Jihyun Lee¹, Seonha Lee¹, Sungwook Moon¹, Jungsun Yoo¹, Kil-Hoon Lee¹, Yongil Kwon¹, Hyun-Wook Lim¹, Jae-Youl Lee¹ 1. Samsung Electronics (Korea)
	Although the signaling channels on FPC cable, FFC, and COF package are relatively short in the entire system of large-size TV modules, they can be a bottleneck that determines the overall signal quality in the system or can be of a great help for better eye opening at the receiver side of a driver IC. This work analyzes the channel characteristics for signaling traces on...
DES3-2 9:20	An Integrated Scan Driver Circuit for Picture Quality and Uniformity Improvement of OLED Display *Eun Kyo Jung¹, Yong-Hoo Hong¹, Hwarim Im¹, Yong-Sang Kim¹ 1. Sungkyunkwan University (Korea)
	We propose a novel integrated scan driver circuit. The proposed circuit can generate simultaneously the scan output for data addressing and black data insertion as well as sense output for the external compensation. The simulation results verified the stable operation during the 1H time.
DES3-3 9:40	An External Compensation Technique for Burn-in Degradation in 30-inch Flexible AMOLED Display *Takenobu Usui¹, Takuya Okada¹, Takahisa Shimizu¹, Kazuo Nakamura², Masaaki Moriya², Hiromi Katoh² 1. NHK (Japan), 2. Sharp Display Technology Corporation (Japan)
	In ultra-high-definition AMOLED displays, external compensation improves burn-in by varying the current through the driving TFT. However, sensing the current through the driving TFT for all pixels is time-consuming because of the increased number of scanning lines. Hence, in this study, we propose an external compensation technique that provides rapid feedback.
DES3-4 10:00	LTPS Pixel Circuit with Leakage Current Compensating Mechanism for Smartwatch Displays *Yi-Chien Chen¹, Bo-Shu Chen¹, Chih-Lung Lin¹ 1. National Cheng Kung University (Taiwan)
	This work proposes a pixel circuit integrating a leakage current compensating mechanism. The pixel circuit suppresses the fluctuations of the driving current and eliminates the voltage variation at the gate node of the driving TFT by providing a compensation current. Therefore, the proposed pixel circuit is promising for smartwatch displays.

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DES4/3D3: 3D and Holographic Technology

Dec. 2 15:20-16:20

Chair: Yuji Oyamada (Tottori Univ.)
Co-Chair: Ryuichi Tanida (NTT)

DES4/3D3-1 15:20	Invited Monocular Depth Estimation Based on Lens Aberrations *Naoki Nishizawa¹, Masako Kashiwagi¹, Nao Mishima¹, Akihito Seki¹ 1. Toshiba (Japan)
	We have developed our Deep Depth from Aberration Map (DDfAM) that can obtain a valid depth map from a single-shot image with a monocular camera even if no contextual information exists. In this paper, we explain two of our recent efforts: application for smartphone cameras and depth inference acceleration.
DES4/3D3-2 15:40	Fresnel Arc 3D Display for Rewriting 3D Image with High-Pixel-Density Arrangement and Automatic Arc-Scratch Generation *Haruto Taguchi¹, Haruki Mizushina¹, Kenji Yamamoto¹, Shiro Suyama² 1. Tokushima University (Japan), 2. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	We proposed and developed a new Arc-3D-image rewriting method utilizing Fresnel arc structure with high-pixel-density arrangement and automatic generation of scratches. Fresnel Arc 3D display provides easy way of rewriting without arc-pixel selection difficulty. Proposed arrangement provides high-density pixels. Automatic generation of Arc-shaped scratch is realized by using cutting plotter.
DES4/3D3-3L 16:00	Invited The Long-Awaited Arrival of Holographic Interfaces *Shawn Frayne¹ 1. Looking Glass Factory (United States of America)
	Holographic or light field generating devices that could enable groups of people to see and interact with genuinely three-dimensional content have long been held as a “holy grail” by those inventors and engineers that work in the field of perfecting the human-computer interface. Now after decades of work, real-time holographic interfaces...

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DES5: TV and Display Systems

Dec. 3 9:00-10:20

Chair: Haruhiko Okumura (Toshiba)
Co-Chair: Tomohiko Sawanaka (Mitsubishi Elec.)

DES5-1 9:00	Invited Recent Standardization Activities for Electronic Displays in IEC TC 110 - Following Technology Development - *Kei Hyodo¹, Yoshi Shibahara², Shin Uehara³ 1. Yuasa System Co. Ltd. (Japan), 2. FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation, (Japan), 3. AGC Inc. (Japan)
	Thanks to the lots of technical development in electronic display field. There are lots of new technologies are available in that field. In addition to those new technologies, thanks to those new technologies, electronic displays are applied for new applications that was impossible unless there are those new technologies. For example, HMD (Head Mounted Displays) were impossible to be realized without having very small displays...
DES5-2 9:20	Invited Analysis on a Three-Dimensional Local Dimming Backlight *Enguo Chen^1,2, Liwen Deng¹, Ju Guo¹, Sheng Xu^1,2, Yun Ye^1,2, Qun Yan^1,2, Tailiang Guo^1,2 1. Fuzhou University (China), 2. Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China (China)
	This paper analyzes the performance of a pixel-level three-dimensional local dimming backlight unit. The illuminance distribution function based on the double-layered structure is derived and simulated by using MATLAB. A 5-inch LCD screen is tested, and the dark brightness and contrast of the single-layered structure and the double-layered structure are compared.
DES5-3 9:40	Analysis of Response Time Characteristics between LCD TV and OLED TV *Hee Eun Lee¹, JaeHong Kim¹, Seungwon Yoo¹, Jang Jin Yoo¹ 1. LG display, Ltd. (Korea)
	Response time of TV has also become an important specification as gaming market grows. In this paper, response time of latest LCD and OLED TV was analyzed based on measurement method of international standards. As display technologies develop rapidly, further study of measurement method of response time will be needed.
DES5-4L 10:00	A Novel Design to Realize 6.9 mm Thickness Slim Border Wallpaper TV *Xiaogang Hu¹, Jie Lv¹, Shuangtong Zhang², Jiahe Cheng¹, Taixin Cao², Xugang Luo², Zhicong Kang¹, Zhenghong Chen¹ 1. Chongqing HKC Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd (China), 2. Chuzhou HKC Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd (China)
	In this paper we reported a new design of split TV which is thinner than former disclosed. In the new design, bonding leads were placed in distal portion of PCB while traditional design was in proximal portion, middle frame was canceled, so that we can presented a 3.5mm BM border wall paper TV which thickest point was only 6.9 mm.

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DESp1: Image Quality Analysis

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

DESp1-1L	Degradation of Moving Image Quality Induced by Pulse Width Modulation Grayscale Expression Methods *Ryota Tanabe¹, Tomokazu Shiga¹ 1. The University of Electro-Communications (Japan)
	When an image on the display device utilizes the pulse width modulation method for expressing grayscale moves and observer’s eye tracks the image, visual artifacts such as distortion, ghost, and color breakup appear. Gray-level-dependent temporal distribution of light emission in a field is transformed into spatial visual artifacts.

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Workshop on Flexible Electronics

Dec. 1	16:40-18:00	FLX1	Flexible TFT and Display Technologies
Dec. 2	13:30-14:50	FLX2/AMD3	Recent Advances in Flexible Organic TFT Devices and Applications
Dec. 3	10:50-12:10	LCT8/FLX3	Curved and Flexible LCDs
Dec. 3	13:30-14:45	FLX4	Flexible Sensors and Materials
Dec. 3	15:20-16:40	FLX5/FMC6	Advanced Process and Components for Flexible Electronics

FLX1: Flexible TFT and Display Technologies

Dec. 1 16:40-18:00

Chair: Yukiharu Uraoka (NAIST)
Co-Chair: Keiichi Akamatsu (Fujifilm)

FLX1-1 16:40	Invited TFT Interfaces for High Sensory Resolution at Ultralow Power Chen Jiang¹, *Arokia Nathan², Hanbin Ma³ 1. Tsinghua University (China), 2. Darwin College, University of Cambridge (UK), 3. Chinese Academy of Sciences (China)
	We review design and materials selection strategies for ultralow power operation of thin film transistors. Issues in TFT process-integration that can adversely result in high operating voltage are examined along with routes to suppress interface trap density at the active channel/gate dielectric layers to lower the operating voltage.
FLX1-2 17:20	Invited Highly Bendable TFT Arrays Withstanding Over One Million Bending Cycles *Manabu Ito¹, Noriaki Ikeda¹, Chihiro Miyazaki¹, Yukikazu Tanaka¹, Kaoru Hatta¹, Mamoru Ishizaki¹ 1. Toppan Inc. (Japan)
	We have successfully fabricated highly bendable IGZO TFT without employing neutral plane concept. The TFT can withstand one million times bending test at a curvature radius of 1 mm. After bending test, any noticeable deterioration in device characteristics are not observed.
FLX1-3 17:40	Invited Oxide TFT Technologies for Deformable Displays *Masashi Miyakawa¹, Hiroshi Tsuji¹, Mitsuru Nakata¹ 1. NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories (Japan)
	A deformable display is promising to change the display styles drastically due to its unique function includes bendable, foldable, rollable, and stretchable. In this report, we present solution-processed oxide TFT technology for such future displays.

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FLX2/AMD3: Recent Advances in Flexible Organic TFT Devices and Applications

Dec. 2 13:30-14:50

Chair: Takashi Nagase (Osaka Pref. Univ.)
Co-Chair: Yosei Shibata (Tohoku Univ.)

FLX2/AMD3-1 13:30	Invited Trap-Minimized Printed Thin-Film Transistors Based on Layered-Crystalline Organic Semiconductors *Tatsuo Hasegawa¹, Gyo Kitahara¹, Mitsuhiro Ikawa¹, Satoshi Matsuoka¹, Shunto Arai¹, Seiji Tsuzuki¹, Toshiki Higashino², Satoru Inoue¹ 1. University of Tokyo (Japan), 2. AIST (Japan)
	We present our recent studies to develop all-printed thin-film transistors (TFTs) that exhibit both high-performance and sharp-switching operations. Our key concept is to take advantage of self-organizing characteristics of highly layered-crystalline organic semiconductors (OSCs) in manufacturing uniform channel layers interfaced with highly lyophobic gate-dielectric surfaces, eventually providing trap-minimized all-printed TFTs.
FLX2/AMD3-2 13:50	Invited Ultra-Flexible Proximity Sensor Array Using Printed Organic Transistors *Hiroyuki Matsui¹, Itsuki Shoji¹, Hideki Wada¹, Kodai Uto¹, Yasunori Takeda¹, Toshiyuki Sugimoto¹ 1. Yamagata University (Japan)
	Here we show a novel proximity sensor array based on floating extended gate organic field-effect transistors, which is sensitive, ultra-flexible (2 μm thick), and digitally printable. The sensor can detect the proximity to the human hands with low static electricity at tens of centimeters.
FLX2/AMD3-3 14:10	Invited Organic Anti-Ambipolar Transistor for Flexible Multivalued Logic Circuit *Yutaka Wakayama¹ 1. National Institute for Materials Science (Japan)
	We develop an organic ternary inverter based on a pn-heterojunction transistor on a flexible substrate. The inverters showed well-balanced ternary logic states with high voltage gain. The devices exhibited stable operation even after 100 bending cycles, demonstrating a high potential for combining mechanical flexibility and high data processability.
FLX2/AMD3-4 14:30	Invited Organic Artificial Synapse for Human-Friendly Wearable Neuromorphic Electronics *Gunuk Wang¹ 1. Korea University (Korea)
	Inspired by the biological neural network and cognitive functions, neuromorphic computing architecture has been envisioned as an alternative computing system. Especially, this brain-inspired computing architecture might be suitable for an e-textile/wearable computing platform because of the potential to efficiently process the large amount of unstructured sensing data, including diverse and complex signals from the human body or the surrounding environment. This study presents organic artificial...

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LCT8/FLX3: Curved and Flexible LCDs

Dec. 3 10:50-12:10

Chair: Shinichiro Oka (Japan Display)
Co-Chair: Munehiro Kimura (Nagaoka Univ. of Tech.)

LCT8/FLX3-1 10:50	Invited Development of Single Substrate Flexible LCD Using Deformable Polarizer *Toru Umemoto¹, Kosuke Takae¹, Kazuki Kawamidori¹, Takashi Kamijo¹, Kazuya Miwa¹, Junichi Nagase¹, Takahiro Ishinabe², Yosei Shibata², Hideo Fujikake² 1. NITTO DENKO (Japan), 2. Tohoku University (Japan)
	We developed ultra-thin flexible LCD using novel deformable polarizer. The LCD was constituted of optically isotropic LCs located between a single substrate and 10mm deformable polarizers. The LC material was investigated to achieve excellent optical & electrical properties as well as bending performance by optimizing its composition and thickness.
LCT8/FLX3-2 11:10	OLCD in Automotive Applications – Enabling Curved and Non-Rectangular form Factors with Conformable Displays *Jonathan Huggins¹, Paul Cain¹ 1. FlexEnable (UK)
	We describe recent development of shaped and curved OLCDs and show examples of the resulting displays that can be seamlessly integrated into curved automotive surfaces. We also show how LC optical films based on TAC can be 3D biaxially curved to follow the contours of almost any surface, including windows.
LCT8/FLX3-3 11:30	Curved Vertical-Alignment Liquid Crystal Display Development Gui-Qing Du¹, Chen-I Huang¹, *An-thung Cho¹, Yong Zhang¹ 1. ChuZhou HKC Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. (China)
	Curved liquid crystal display (LCD) suffers from an issue of uneven brightness among the vertical-alignment LCD panels based on thin glass substrates. In this work, we success fully realized uniform brilliance for 27-inch curved LCD panels. The optical revealed that the dark areas on the bending sides of the curved LCD panel originated from the reduced azimuth angle of the liquid crystals (LC). This issue...
LCT8/FLX3-4L 11:50	Invited Self-Recovery Mechanical/Optical Characteristics of Gel-State Liquid Crystal Mixtures for Stretchable Displays *Yosei Shibata¹, Ryoma Sato¹, Ryosuke Saito¹, Takahiro Ishinabe¹, Hideo Fujikake¹ 1. Tohoku University (Japan)
	In this paper, we present our recent studies on liquid crystal gel films as the light modulation layer for stretchable liquid crystal displays. The liquid crystal gel with self-assembly dendrimer showed light modulation based on electro-optical effect, durability to elongation and structural recovery by thermal treatment. Reversible reaction of self-assembled network will be useful for lifetime-free stretchable liquid crystal display.

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FLX4: Flexible Sensors and Materials

Dec. 3 13:30-14:45

Chair: Hoshihide Kamata (AIST)
Co-Chair: Mitsuru Nakata (NHK)

FLX4-1 13:30	Invited 17-in. × 17-in. Flexible Flat Panel X-Ray Detectors with High Image Quality and Light Weight *Shinichi Ushikura¹, Munetaka Kato¹, Tatsunori Tanimoto¹, Hisao Fujiwara¹, Keiichi Akamatsu¹ 1. FUJIFILM (Japan)
	We developed 17-in. × 17-in. flexible flat-panel X-ray detectors combining an irradiation side sampling systemwith flexible photodiode and thin-film transistor technology. The proposed flat-panel detectors had 10% higherdetective quantum efficiencies and 35% lesser weights than conventional rigid detectors.
FLX4-2 13:50	Invited Intrinsically Stretchable Electronic Materials for Body-Area Sensor Networks *Naoji Matsuhisa^1,2 1. Keio University (Japan), 2. JST PRESTO (Japan)
	I introduce the next-generation wearable devices (power source, sensor, and display) which can be attached on skin. The devices consist of rubber-like, stretchable electronic materials. The mechanical properties similar to our skin enable long-term monitoring and display of our vital data without intimate engagement of doctors.
FLX4-3 14:10	Ultrathin Metal Film with Yb/Ag Electrode for Flexible Organic Devices *Seok Je Lee^1,2, Myungchan An², Jae Yoon Kim², Hyeong Woo Bae², Chul Gyu Jhun¹ 1. Hoseo University (Korea), 2. Gumi Electronics & Information Technology Research Institute (Korea)
	We have studied on the fabrication of the ultrathin metal film with Yb/Ag for the electrode of flexible organic devices. It had a lower sheet resistance and a higher transmittance than conventional Al/Ag metal electrode. Yb/Ag film is a promising transparent conductive electrode for flexible device.
FLX4-4L 14:30	Low Voltage Operation of Organic Phototransistor Memory with Organic Charge Storage Layer *Reitaro Hattori¹, Takashi Nagase¹, Naoyuki Nishida¹, Takashi Kobayashi¹, Hiroyoshi Naito¹ 1. Osaka Prefecture University (Japan)
	We report the low voltage operation of organic phototransistor memories with solution-processed organic charge storage layers by thinning the gate insulator. The organic memory devices with 140 nm-thick parylene gate insulators can achieve a high on/off current ratio of >10³ with a programming voltage of 20 V.

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FLX5/FMC6: Advanced Process and Components for Flexible Electronics

Dec. 3 15:20-16:40

Chair: Toshimasa Eguchi (Sumitomo Bakelite)
Co-Chair: Makoto Arai (ULVAC)

FLX5/FMC6-1 15:20	Roll-to-Roll Fabrication for OLED Lighting Using Ultra-Thin Glass Substrate and Encapsulating Stainless Steel Foil *Tadahiro Furukawa¹, Jacqueline Hauptmann², Tomoki Nakagaki³, Ryosuke Ikeuchi ³, Masahiko Sagawa³, Daisuke Nagata⁴, Jun Nakatsuka⁵ 1. Yamagata University (Japan), 2. Fraunhofer FEP (Germany), 3. Mitsuboshi Diamond Industrial Co., Ltd. (Japan), 4. Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. (Japan), 5. NIPPON STEEL Chemical & Material CO., LTD. (Japan)
	We fabricated OLED lighting on ultra-thin glass using the Roll-to-Roll method. After deposition of the organic layer, the lighting devices were encapsulated with stainless steel foil and then cut. OLED Lighting with this structure had high reliability and did not break when the device was bent.
FLX5/FMC6-2 15:40	Protection of OLED Lighting with Ultra-Thin Glass by Special Silicone Gel *Masanori Natsuka¹, Yousuke Ono¹, Hiroshi Mataki¹, Shoko Usui², Haruka Suzuki², Masanori Abe², Tadahiro Furukawa² 1. Taica Corporation (Japan), 2. Yamagata University (Japan)
	We have developed OLED lighting using ultra-thin glass. Ultra-thin glass is very useful substrate for OLEDs. However, ultra-thin glass has the disadvantage that it breaks easily. It has been found that protecting the ultra-thin glass surface of OLED lighting products with silicone gel improves mechanical durability.
FLX5/FMC6-3 16:00	Role of Boron in Amorphous-InGaZnO Film for Resistance Control Technique *Keisuke Yasuta¹, Toshimasa Ui¹, Tomokazu Nagao¹, Daisuke Matsuo², Toshihiko Sakai², Yoshitaka Setoguchi², Eiji Takahashi², Yasunori Andoh², Junichi Tatemichi¹ 1. Nissin Ion Equipment Co., Ltd. (Japan), 2. Nissin Electric Co., LTd. (Japan)
	As a next-generation electronics material, amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) film devices were investigated. In order to further utilize a-IGZO films, we carried out boron ion implantation and analyzed the implanted a-IGZO using Hall measurements with wet etching processes. As a result, we clarified that the implanted boron decreases a-IGZO resistance.
FLX5/FMC6-4L 16:20	Highly Stretchable Metal Oxide TFTs Array Using Acrylic Adhesive for Deformable Display Applications *Masashi Miyakawa¹, Hiroshi Tsuji¹, Mitsuru Nakata¹ 1. NHK (Japan)
	Stretchable electronics are a promising technology for bringing in a new style of display applications. We demonstrate a high-performance stretchable metal oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) array using an acrylic adhesive structure. The TFTs array exhibit stable electrical performance under 50% strain and excellent switching characteristics.

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Workshop on Touch Panels and Input Technologies

Dec. 1	13:00-14:00	INP1	AR/VR Interactive and Haptic Technologies (1) Shitsukan Research
Dec. 1	14:50-15:50	INP2	AR/VR Interactive and Haptic Technologies (2)
Dec. 2	10:50-11:50	INP3/AIS5	Fingerprint on Displays (1)
Dec. 2	13:30-14:30	INP4/LCT6	Fingerprint on Displays (2) and Force Sensing Display
Dec. 2	15:20-16:20	INP5	3D/2D Imaging Systems
Dec. 3	9:00-10:20	FMC3/INP6	Aerial Interfaces (1)
Dec. 3	10:50-12:10	INP7/FMC4	Aerial Interfaces (2)
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	INPp1	Interactive Technologies
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	3Dp2/INPp2	3D/Hyper-Realistic Display System for Automobile
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	3Dp3/INPp3	3D/Hyper-Realistic Display Systems for Educational Materials

INP1: AR/VR Interactive and Haptic Technologies (1) Shitsukan Research
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 1 13:00-14:00

Chair: Masashi Konyo (Tohoku Univ.)
Co-Chair: Daisuke Iwai (Osaka Univ.)

INP1-1 13:00	Invited Is Projection Mapping Natural? Towards Physical World Augmentation Consistent with Light Field Context *Daisuke Iwai¹ 1. Osaka University (Japan)
	Projection mapping seamlessly merges real and virtual worlds. Although much effort was made to improve its image qualities so far, projection mapping is still unnatural. We introduce the first steps towards natural projection mapping by making the projection results consistent with the light field context of our daily scene.
INP1-2 13:20	Invited Haptic Feeling Technologies for Surface Interaction *Hiroyuki Kajimoto¹ 1. The University of Electro-Communications (Japan)
	The current COVID19-related situation has demonstrated the importance of remote tactile transmission technologies. In this presentation, I will introduce some attempts to record and reproduce tactile feelings. A system that records the skin deformation when it touches rough surfaces and high-resolution tactile feeling displays are introduced
INP1-3 13:40	Invited Differences in Texture Information Processing between Touch and Vision *Scinob Kuroki¹ 1. NTT (Japan)
	Humans capture the surface textures not only by vision but also by touch. Previous studies revealed detailed mechanism of texture perception in vision, while that in touch remains obscure. To see the limits of haptic texture discrimination, we 3D-printed textured surfaces based on visual images and conducted a discrimination experiment.

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INP2: AR/VR Interactive and Haptic Technologies (2)
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 1 14:50-15:50

Chair: Nobuyuki Hashimoto (Japan Women's Univ.)
Co-Chair: Masashi Konyo (Tohoku Univ.)

INP2-1 14:50	Invited Displaying Tactile Sensation Using SMA Actuators and Sensors *Hideyuki Sawada¹ 1. Waseda University (Japan)
	A filiform SMA wire with the diameter of several tens micrometers presents unique characteristics swiftly responding to temperature. The expansion and contraction of the SMA wire can be precisely controlled by applying pulse current. The authors have applied the unique characteristics to novel tactile displays that react to hand actions.
INP2-2 15:10	Invited Holographic Contact Lens Display *Yasuhiro Takaki¹ 1. Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (Japan)
	The holographic technique is used to realize contact lens displays. Hologram patterns are displayed on a display device embedded in a contact lens and three-dimensional (3D) images are produced apart from eyes so that eyes can focus on the 3D images. Phase-only holograms are displayed to enable the see-through function.
INP2-3 15:30	Invited Haptic MEMS *Takeshi Kobayashi¹, Toshihiro Takeshita¹ 1. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) (Japan)
	We have developed a novel “Haptic MEMS” devices, in which ultra-thin PZT/Si actuator array is integrated on flexible substrate. The haptic MEMS can express spatial tactile sensation with the distribution of vibration stimuli. In the present study, haptic MEMS with ultra-thin PZT/Si actuator array is demonstrated.

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INP3/AIS5: Fingerprint on Displays (1)
Special Topics of Interest on Automotive Displays

Dec. 2 10:50-11:50

Chair: Yuji Suzuki (Japan Display)
Co-Chair: Takayuki Morioka (Mitsubishi Elec.)

INP3/AIS5-1 10:50	Invited A Novel FOD Solution with High-PPI Flexible Sensor under OLED Panel *Feng Lu¹, Lu Lian¹, Haochi Yu¹, Kai Li¹, Bo Zhang¹, Qijun Yao¹, Yang Zeng¹, Yaodong Wu¹, Yuan Ding¹ 1. Shanghai Tianma Micro-electronics (China)
	A novel FOD solution is presented in this paper. TFT-based flexible photo sensors of 725 PPI and 1016 PPI were developed and characterized. Adapted to the OLED panel with integrated pinhole imaging system, the feasibility of large area FOD function was confirmed.
INP3/AIS5-2 11:10	Research on Optical Fingerprint Recognition System with Integrated Microlens Array *Wenqi Zhou¹, Jianmou Huang¹, Yan Yang¹, Ting Zhou¹, Junyi Li¹ 1. Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co., Ltd. (China)
	This paper reports an optical fingerprint structure based on an integrated microlens array. The structure is manufactured by TFT backplane technology and can be used with an OLED screen to realize full-screen fingerprint recognition. In this paper, we studied the influence of the height of the microlens, the position of the collimating layer, and the position of the sensor, and achieved an optical fingerprint recognition...
INP3/AIS5-3 11:30	Organic Optical Sensors Enabling Fingerprint and Vein Recognition Modules *François Flamein¹, Jérôme Michallon¹, Benjamin Bouthinon¹, Jérôme Joimel¹ 1. Isorg (France)
	With semiconductor materials sensitive in both visible and NIR (Near-Infrared) regions, organic optical sensors have been developed for fingerprint recognition integration within smartphones, as well as for vein imaging modules.

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INP4/LCT6: Fingerprint on Displays (2) and Force Sensing Display
Special Topics of Interest on Automotive Displays

Dec. 2 13:30-14:30

Chair: Kuniaki Yamazaki (Corning Japan)
Co-Chair: Yuichi Sasaki (Mitsubishi Elec.)

INP4/LCT6-1 13:30	Full Screen Optical Fingerprint for LCD Based on LTPS Technology *Jiaqian Wu¹, Min Huang¹, Xiaoxiao Wu¹, Xuanxian Cai¹, Bozhi Liu¹, Jiancai Huang¹, Junyi Li¹ 1. XiaMen Tianma Microelectronics Co., Ltd. (China)
	With the development of technology, more and more human recognition technology has been applied in mobile phone recognition. Large area or even full-screen fingerprint recognition will be better to achieve confidentiality. We have developed 6.7 inch full-screen fingerprint recognition based on LTPS.
INP4/LCT6-2 13:50	Withdrawn

INP4/LCT6-3 14:10	Invited Sharp Force Touch for On-Screen User Interface in LCD and Foldable OLED Display Application *Takuma Yamamoto¹, Takenori Maruyama¹, Kazutoshi Kida¹, Shinji Yamagishi¹, Biregeya Jean de Dieu Mugiraneza¹, Yasuhiro Sugita¹, Hiroshi Fukushima¹, Mikihiro Noma¹ 1. Sharp Display Technology Corporation (Japan)
	We describe ultra-high sensitive force sensor on flat display that can detect and differentiate between feather touch and press touch or tapping. The proposed unique sensor pattern design and pressure-sensitive material enables ultra-high force sensitivity, multi force detection (10 points).

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INP5: 3D/2D Imaging Systems

Dec. 2 15:20-16:20

Chair: Junichi Akita (Kanazawa Univ.)
Co-Chair: Nobuyuki Hashimoto (Japan Women's Univ.)

INP5-1 15:20	Invited Sub-aF Detection Accuracy CMOS Proximity Capacitance Image Sensors for Inspection, Authentification and More *Rihito Kuroda¹, Yuki Sugama¹, Yoshiaki Watanabe¹, Tetsuya Goto¹, Toshiro Yasuda², Shinichi Murakami², Hiroshi Hamori², Shigetoshi Sugawa² 1. Tohoku University (Japan), 2. OHT (Japan)
	This paper presents CMOS proximity capacitance image sensors achieving 0.1aF detection accuracy with high spatial resolution with real-time imaging capability and the applications thereof. Key technologies related to imaging apparatus and noise reduction, image sensor evolution in terms of pixel size shrinkage and pixel number increase, and examples of applications are to be demonstrated.
INP5-2 15:40	Invited Recent Progress of Time-of-Flight Range Imagers *Keita Yasutomi¹, Shoji Kawahito¹ 1. Shizuoka University (Japan)
	This paper reviews recent time-of-flight (TOF) range imagers particularly for indirect TOF measurement. Different implementations of TOF range imagers for various applications are described. Current status for TOF range imagers in short-range, long-range, and measuring applications are also discussed.
INP5-3 16:00	Invited Deep Sensing - Joint Optimization of Hardware and Software for Imaging - *Hajime Nagahara¹ 1. Osaka University (Japan)
	We propose a new framework, called “deep sensing” which models the analog layer to a neural network model, and jointly optimize the parameters in optics and sensor designs of a camera as well as reconstruction and classification models by the same training strategy. In this talk, I introduce the concept of deep sensing and show our work; compressive light field sensing, compressive video sensing, and...

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FMC3/INP6: Aerial Interfaces (1)

Dec. 3 9:00-10:20

Chair: Hirotsugu Yamamoto (Utsunomiya Univ.)
Co-Chair: Hiroshi Haga (Tianma Japan)

FMC3/INP6-1 9:00	Invited Holographically Collimating and Deflecting Array (HoCODA) and its Applications for Touchless Interface *Akira Shirakura¹ 1. Artience Lab Inc. (Japan)
	We present a novel illumination method for Light-guided Holograms, by forming an array of holographic optical elements (HoCODA) in counter-position to the LED array, which collimates and deflects light from each LED to realize ideal propagation within the LGP. A prototype contactless hover touch-screen user-interface device using HoCODA is described.
FMC3/INP6-2 9:20	Invited Aerial Imaging Principle and its Commercializationand Future Developments *Makoto Otsubo¹ 1. Asukanet Co., Ltd. (Japan)
	ASKA3D is a passive optical imaging panel that forms a real image in mid-air. ASKA3D contributes for noncontact interface for use by an unspecified number of people. This paper explains the basic principle of ASKA3D and introduces commercialization examples, application fields, and future development trends.
FMC3/INP6-3 9:40	Interactive and Gesture-Capable 3D Holographic Light Field Display with Registered Interaction between User and Light Volume *Iván Alexis Sánchez Salazar Chavarría¹, Masahiro Yamaguchi¹ 1. Tokyo Institute of Technology (Japan)
	To achieve the registration between the reconstructed content and the position of the user in 3D displays capable of reconstructing a real image in mid-air, we propose a method based on simultaneous use of scattered light detection and a stereo vision-based gesture sensor
FMC3/INP6-4 10:00	Aerial-Imaging Steganography with AIRR by Use of Transparent Objects as Decoding-Keys *Kengo Fujii¹, Hirotsugu Yamamoto¹ 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	A novel steganography technique is realized by utilizing aerial-imaging optical system based on aerial imaging by retro-reflection (AIRR). Transparent objects in a complex shape are placed in plane-symmetrically with respect to the beam splitter in AIRR. Transparent objects of various shapes were used to confirm the decoded aerial images.

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INP7/FMC4: Aerial Interfaces (2)

Dec. 3 10:50-12:10

Chair: Hiroshi Haga (Tianma Japan)
Co-Chair: Hirotsugu Yamamoto (Utsunomiya Univ.)

INP7/FMC4-1 10:50	Resolution Evaluation of Aerial Image Formed with AIRR by Use of Two Transparent Spheres *Haotong Guo¹, Fujii Kengo¹, Masaki Yasugi¹, Hirotsugu Yamamoto¹ 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	This paper reports the modulation transfer function (MTF) for aerial imaging optical system with aerial imaging by retro-reflection (AIRR) by use of two transparent spheres. MTF is measured under different positions of the spheres. Experimental results suggest that placing transparent spheres in specific positions can increase MTF.
INP7/FMC4-2 11:10	Invited Ultrasound Haptic Rendering *Atsushi Matsubayashi¹, Yasutoshi Makino¹, Hiroyuki Shinoda¹ 1. The University of Tokyo (Japan)
	Ultrasound haptics is a technology that uses an array of ultrasound transducers to present tactile sensations remotely on human skin. Since haptic feedback can be given without touching anything to the hand, this technology can provide a clean interface with high operability. Recent studies have shown that ultrasound can represent not only simple tactile stimulation by focus generation, but also various skin sensations that represent...
INP7/FMC4-3 11:30	Invited Development of Capacitive Sensor for Aerial Interface *Katsunari Ashimine^1,2, Hiroshi Shigetaka¹, Tatsumi Fujiyoshi¹, Hirotsugu Yamamoto² 1. Alpsalpine (Japan), 2. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	This paper introduces our development and application of a capacitive sensor to detect hand and finger gestures based on high-sensitivity and noise-robustness sensing technology. Application of the developed capacitive sensor includes a touchless aerial interface.
INP7/FMC4-4 11:50	Invited A Touchless Interactive Display Technology with Human-Body e-Field Detection *Gerald Morrison¹, Steve Sedaker¹, Gary Baum¹ 1. SigmaSense LLC (United States of America)
	A new software-defined sensing technology that detects the human body e-field with higher SNR and sensitivity than found in today's PCap touch controllers is presented. Enhanced capabilities “see” the human body 4-5 feet in front of the display and the hand can be identified up to 2 feet away.

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INPp1: Interactive Technologies

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

INPp1-1L	Development and Evaluation of a System for Presenting Information Related to Web Pages Based on the User’s Gaze *Taiga Mori¹, Mitsuho Yamada¹, Eriko Ishii², Yuko Hoshino¹ 1. Tokai University (Japan), 2. Kagoshima Prefectural College (Japan)
	In this study, we attempted to develop a system to support web browsing using gaze input device. Our system extracts keywords based on the user's gaze on a screen, and then displays related information. The accuracy of this system was also evaluated using a questionnaire survey of users.

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3Dp2/INPp2: 3D/Hyper-Realistic Display System for Automobile
Special Topics of Interest on Automotive Displays

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

3Dp2/INPp2-1L	Reduced Solar-Loading in Automotive HUD Using Micro-Mirror Array Plate (MMAP) *Kenneth Li¹ 1. Optonomous Technologies Inc. (United States of America)
	This paper describes a HUD system where the imaging system uses a Micro-Mirror Array Plate (MMAP) with an optical design that eliminates the issues associated with the off-axis sunlight. This design would also be applicable to the use of Dihedral Corner Reflector Array (DCRA), and Aerial Imaging by Retro-Reflection (AIRR).

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3Dp3/INPp3: 3D/Hyper-Realistic Display Systems for Educational Materials
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

3Dp3/INPp3-1L	Development of Smartphone Application for Versatility of Teaching Materials Using Three-Dimensional Expression *Yuya Nishikawa¹, Naoto Hoshikawa², Tomoyoshi Ito¹, Atsushi Shiraki¹ 1. Chiba University (Japan), 2. National Institute of Technology, Oyama College (Japan)
	In recent years, VR (Virtual Reality) technology has been applied in the field of education. In this research, we will develop a system of VR teaching materials that can be operated with a head mounted display using only smartphones so that more people can experience VR teaching materials.
3Dp3/INPp3-2L	Development of a Learning Material for Light Interference Phenomena Using Tablet Devices and Augmented Reality *Bunta Nakano¹, Naoto Hoshikawa², Tomoyoshi Ito¹, Atsushi Shiraki¹ 1. Chiba University (Japan), 2. National Institute of Technology, Oyama College (Japan)
	To use augmented reality (AR) technology requires the use of specialized device. We focused on the fact that many Japanese educational institutions have tablet computers. We developed a teaching material that allows users to experience light interference phenomena using tablet terminal and AR markers.

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Topical Session on AI and Smart Society

Dec. 1	13:00-14:00	DES1/AIS1	Deep Learning for Image Analysis
Dec. 1	14:50-15:50	DES2/AIS2	Deep Learning for Multi-Modal X
Dec. 1	16:40-18:00	AIS3/VHF1	AIS Application
Dec. 2	9:00-10:00	PRJ1/AIS4	Outer Space
Dec. 2	10:50-11:50	INP3/AIS5	Fingerprint on Displays (1)
Dec. 3	9:00-10:00	AMD4/AIS6	Emerging TFT Devices
Dec. 3	10:50-11:50	AIS7/VHF6	AIS Processing
Dec. 3	15:20-16:40	AMD6/AIS8	Next-Generation Innovative Display
Dec. 3	17:10-18:30	FMC7/AIS9	Display Manufacturing
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	AISp1	AIS
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	AISp2	AIS&AUTO
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	AISp3/FMCp2	AIS&FMC&AUTO
Dec. 2	17:00-19:00	3Dp4/AISp4	3D/Hyper-Realistic Display Systems for Artificial Intelligence and Smart Society

DES1/AIS1: Deep Learning for Image Analysis

Dec. 1 13:00-14:00

Chair: Jien Kato (Ritsumeikan Univ.)
Co-Chair: Mutsumi Kimura (Ryukoku Univ.)

DES1/AIS1-1 13:00	Invited Deep Learning for Computer-Aided Diagnosis of COVID-19 *Yen-Wei Chen¹, Jiaqing LIU¹, Huiming HUANG², Fang WANG², Lanfen LIN², Tomoko Tateyama³, Yutaro IWAMOTO¹ 1. Ritsumeikan University (Japan), 2. Zhejiang University (China), 3. Shiga University (Japan)
	Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread worldwide. CT is extensively used as a key complement for diagnosing COVID-19; moreover, high sensitivity was reported in patients infected by COVID-19. CT image analysis for quantitative assessments of COVID-19 becomes an important issue. Recently, deep learning has been used for computer-aided diagnosis of COVID-19, including lung infection detection, segmentation, and disease diagnosis, etc. In spite of the...
DES1/AIS1-2 13:20	Invited Image Enhancement for Attractiveness Computing *Toshihiko YAMASAKI¹ 1. The University of Tokyo (Japan)
	Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and big data on the Internet have enabled us to achieve better image processing and editing than ever such as retouching, inpainting, style transfer, and so on. Our research group has been working on attractiveness prediction, reasoning, and even enhancement for images and videos, which we call “attractiveness computing.” Image processing in attractiveness computing also pay attention to image quality, not...
DES1/AIS1-3L 13:40	Invited Image Generation with a Unified Generative Adversarial Network Training via Self-Labeling and Self-Attention *Tomoki Watanabe¹, Paolo Favaro² 1. Toshiba Corporation (Japan), 2. University of Bern (Switzerland)
	Generative Adversarial Network(GAN) is an effective method to obtain an image generation model. We propose a novel GAN training scheme that can handle real images with any level of labeling in a unified manner by introducing a form of artificial labeling. Our scheme consistently improves the quality of generated images.

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DES2/AIS2: Deep Learning for Multi-Modal X

Dec. 1 14:50-15:50

Chair: Seishi Takamura (NTT)
Co-Chair: Mutsumi Kimura (Ryukoku Univ.)

DES2/AIS2-1 14:50	Invited Image Synthesis and Voice Conversion Using Generative Adversarial Networks *Takuhiro Kaneko¹ 1. NTT Corporation (Japan)
	Images and speech are essential for communication, but may be affected by physical/psychological constraints. Recently, deep generative models have emerged to solve this problem. Particularly, as generative adversarial networks (GANs) have high reproduction ability and flexibility, we present their foundation, advancement, and application, focusing on image synthesis and voice conversion.
DES2/AIS2-2 15:30	Invited Challenges of Integrating Vision and Language *Yoshitaka Ushiku^1,2 1. OMRON SINIC X Corp. (Japan), 2. Ridge-i Inc. (Japan)
	The benefits of deep learning are not limited to advanced recognition and generation of data in different modalities, such as images, acoustic signals. As a result of the fact that they are now implemented using commoditized tools based on deep learning, it has become possible to import approaches to understanding other modal data quickly. As a result of the fact that they are now implemented...

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AIS3/VHF1: AIS Application

Dec. 1 16:40-18:00

Chair: Yoshie Imai (Mitsubishi Elec.)
Co-Chair: Hiroshi Haga (Tianma Japan)

AIS3/VHF1-1 16:40	Invited A Direct-View Graphic Fusion Interactive Technology for Surgical Application Jia-Chong Ho¹, Yu-Hsuan Su¹, *Yu-Hsiang Tsai¹, Chia-Hsun Tu¹, Kuan-Ting Chen¹ 1. Industrial Technology Research Institute (Taiwan)
	A fusion interactive technology for surgical application in that transparent display, facing direction recognition, object recognition, and image fusion algorithms are included. The virtual object images can be displayed on the transparent display and superimposed on the affected areas of patients used in surgical operations to reduce the risk.
AIS3/VHF1-2 17:00	Invited Behavior Change Experiment by Congestion Visualization and Coupons in 'Shizuoka MaaS' *Yasushi Sugama¹, Daishin Ito¹, Takayuki Kodaira¹, Ryoji Hattori¹, Takenori Iwamoto², Akio Oomae² 1. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (Japan), 2. Shizuoka Railway Co.,Ltd. (Japan)
	We conducted a demonstration experiment for the purpose of reducing congestion and revitalizing commerce. In this experiment, we visualized the congestion prediction result through signage and Web application, and distributed coupons according to the congestion degree. In this paper, we show the details of the experiment and the experimental results.
AIS3/VHF1-3 17:20	True Views from Depth-Exaggerated Images *Kokichi Sugihara¹ 1. Meiji University (Japan)
	Images taken with wide-angle lenses exaggerate depth. We present a method for converting such images into images that look as if we really stand at the same position as the camera and see the scene directly. This method can remove depth exaggeration and thus give faithful information.
AIS3/VHF1-4L 17:40	Extracting Information from Social Networking Service about Sightseeing Locations *Shimul Rakibul Hasan¹, Eriko Ishii², Mitsuho Yamada¹, Yuko Hoshino¹ 1. Tokai University (Japan), 2. Kagoshima Prefectural College (Japan)
	Display technological advancement now allows potential tourists to view sightseeing locations virtually. The studyfocuses on building a system applying display technology that can help tourists make informed decisions before traveling. First, posts on sightseeing acquire from social networking services. If a post contains an image, the objects are detected and captions. Text mining uses to identify the outline of the text if it contains the text. If...

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PRJ1/AIS4: Outer Space

Dec. 2 9:00-10:00

Chair: Muneharu Kuwata (Mitsubishi Elec.)
Co-Chair: Yoshinobu Asakura (Nittoh)

PRJ1/AIS4-1 9:00	Invited Images Obtained by MINERVA-II Rovers of Hayabusa2 Mission and Their Process on the Ground *Tetsuo Yoshimitsu¹, Takashi Kubota¹, Yasuhiro Yokota¹, Toru Kouyama², Yoshinobu Asakura³ 1. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan), 2. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (Japan), 3. Nittoh Inc. (Japan)
	The authors developed twin rovers for the Japanese asteroid mission Hayabusa2. The rovers were deployed onto the target asteroid on 21 September 2018. The rovers then made autonomous surface explorations by hopping. This paper describes the onboard camera system of the rovers as well as the image processing techniques made on the Ground.
PRJ1/AIS4-2 9:20	Invited JAXA Earth : Prototype of Earth Observation Data Distribution System and Application for Interdisciplinary Studies *Yoshinobu Sasaki¹, Kohei Kawamura¹, Kei Oyoshi¹ 1. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan)
	Specifications of earth observation images differ among satellites, sensors, and distribution systems, so the hurdles of cross-sectional using of the data are still high. Therefore, we are developing the prototype of satellite data distribution service, “JAXA Earth”, which enables us to use JAXA's multiple satellite data immediately and intuitively.
PRJ1/AIS4-3 9:40	Invited Geiger-mode Three Dimensional Image Sensor for Flash LIDAR *Takahide Mizuno¹, Hirokazu Ikeda¹, Kenji Makino², Yusei Tamura², Yoshihito Suzuki², Tatsuya Hashi², Takashi Baba², Shunsuke Adachi², Ryuji Okumura² 1. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan), 2. Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (Japan)
	JAXA has been developing Flash LIDAR as a sensor for obstacle detection by lunar and planetary landers and for on-orbit rendezvous and docking. This paper describes a 3D image sensor with Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes and its pixel circuit for Flash LIDAR.

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INP3/AIS5: Fingerprint on Displays (1)
Special Topics of Interest on Automotive Displays

Dec. 2 10:50-11:50

Chair: Yuji Suzuki (Japan Display)
Co-Chair: Takayuki Morioka (Mitsubishi Elec.)

INP3/AIS5-1 10:50	Invited A Novel FOD Solution with High-PPI Flexible Sensor under OLED Panel *Feng Lu¹, Lu Lian¹, Haochi Yu¹, Kai Li¹, Bo Zhang¹, Qijun Yao¹, Yang Zeng¹, Yaodong Wu¹, Yuan Ding¹ 1. Shanghai Tianma Micro-electronics (China)
	A novel FOD solution is presented in this paper. TFT-based flexible photo sensors of 725 PPI and 1016 PPI were developed and characterized. Adapted to the OLED panel with integrated pinhole imaging system, the feasibility of large area FOD function was confirmed.
INP3/AIS5-2 11:10	Research on Optical Fingerprint Recognition System with Integrated Microlens Array *Wenqi Zhou¹, Jianmou Huang¹, Yan Yang¹, Ting Zhou¹, Junyi Li¹ 1. Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co., Ltd. (China)
	This paper reports an optical fingerprint structure based on an integrated microlens array. The structure is manufactured by TFT backplane technology and can be used with an OLED screen to realize full-screen fingerprint recognition. In this paper, we studied the influence of the height of the microlens, the position of the collimating layer, and the position of the sensor, and achieved an optical fingerprint recognition...
INP3/AIS5-3 11:30	Organic Optical Sensors Enabling Fingerprint and Vein Recognition Modules *François Flamein¹, Jérôme Michallon¹, Benjamin Bouthinon¹, Jérôme Joimel¹ 1. Isorg (France)
	With semiconductor materials sensitive in both visible and NIR (Near-Infrared) regions, organic optical sensors have been developed for fingerprint recognition integration within smartphones, as well as for vein imaging modules.

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AMD4/AIS6: Emerging TFT Devices

Dec. 3 9:00-10:00

Chair: Toshiaki Arai (JOLED)
Co-Chair: Hiromi Minemawari (AIST)

AMD4/AIS6-1 9:00	Invited Monolithic Integration of Sn-Doped IGZO Transistor and Ferroelectric Memory for High-Density Memory Applications *Masaharu Kobayashi¹, Jixuan Wu¹, Fei Mo¹, Takuya Saraya¹, Toshiro Hiramoto¹, Kohei Nishiyama², Mototaka Ochi², Hiroshi Goto³ 1. The University of Tokyo (Japan), 2. Kobe Steel, Ltd. (Japan), 3. Kobelco Research Institute, Inc. (Japan)
	We have developed and integrated mobility-enhanced FET and wakeup-free ferroelectric capacitor by using Sn-doped InGaZnO, and demonstrated 1T1C FeRAM cell operation for 3D embedded memory. We have studied the impact of thin-film access transistor on 1T1C cell operation, and investigated the physics of mobility enhancement.
AMD4/AIS6-2 9:20	Invited A Way of Realizing Display of Things Through a Roll-to-Roll Gravure Printed TFT-Active Matrix *Gyoujin Cho¹, Sajjan Parajuli¹, Jinhwa Park¹, Sagar Shrestha¹, Kiran Shrestha¹, Younsu Jung¹, Junfeng Sun² 1. Sungkyunkwan University (Korea), 2. Huzhou University (China)
	Display of Things (DoT) has been considered as another key technology for an ubiquitous society. The DoT means that all surfaces can be functioned as displays. Here, we would like to show a way of realizing the DoT through a roll-to-roll gravure printed TFT-active matrix
AMD4/AIS6-3L 9:40	Invited Manipulation of Crystal Structures of Pyrene-Based Organic Semiconductors Enabling Ultrahigh Mobility *Kazuo Takimiya^1,2, Kirill Bulgarevich¹, Mamatimin Abbas³, Shingo Horiuchi^1,2, Takuya Ogaki¹, Kohsuke Kawabata^2,1, Abduleziz Ablat³ 1. RIKEN (Japan), 2. Tohoku University (Japan), 3. University of Bordeaux (France)
	The four-fold methylthiolated derivative of pyrene (MT-pyrene) was turned out to have a new type of brickwork structure. Single-crystal field-effect transistors (SC-FETs) of MT-pyrene showed excellent transport properties with impressively high mobility of 32 cm² V^–1 s^–1.

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AIS7/VHF6: AIS Processing
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 3 10:50-11:50

Chair: Kalil Käläntär (Global Optical Solutions)
Co-Chair: Nobuchika Sakata (Ryukoku Univ.)

AIS7/VHF6-1 10:50	Invited Deep Learning-Based Image Restoration Algorithms in Display Devices Jung-Hyun Kim¹, *SukJu Kang¹ 1. Sogang University (Korea)
	This paper presents the deep learning-based demoire algorithms for image restoration. Specifically, several deep learning-based demoire techniques, which have currently been studied, are explained. In addition, we compare the performance of representative demoire methods.
AIS7/VHF6-2 11:10	Invited Augmented Reality, Diminished Reality and Reduced Reality *Nobuchika Sakata¹ 1. Ryukoku University (Japan)
	The concept of Augmented Reality (AR) have basically aimed to provide a view augmented expression than a view of real world to user. In existing AR systems, the most common AR method of information support is to empower the user's field of view by 'making invisible things visible' when the user wears a headset system combining a Head Mounted Display (HMD) and a Head Mounted...
AIS7/VHF6-3L 11:30	Gesture Classification of Single-Pixel-Imaging Reconstruction by Using Deep Learning *Hiroki Takatsuka¹ 1. Utsunomiya University (Japan)
	We report classification of images reconstructed with different number of masks using single pixel imaging. The target images to be classified are hand gestures (rock, scissors, paper). Deep learning based on LeNet is used for classification. Images that were reconstructed with single-pixel imaging by use of with 400 or more masks were accurately classified by 90% or more.

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AMD6/AIS8: Next-Generation Innovative Display

Dec. 3 15:20-16:40

Chair: Hiroki Hamada (Kindai Univ.)
Co-Chair: Mutsumi Kimura (Ryukoku Univ.)

AMD6/AIS8-1 15:20	Invited Effect of Mechanical Strain on the Electrical Performance of Flexible LTPS Thin-Film Transistors *Shiming Shi¹, Dong Li¹, Zunqing Song¹, Dengyun Chen¹, Li Wang¹, Zheng Liu¹, Huijuan Zhang¹, Dawei Wang¹ 1. BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. (China)
	The effects of mechanical strain on the performance and instability of flexible LTPS TFTs were studied. The reasonable arrangement of the strain direction and channel shape of drive TFT can be used to build robust LTPS backplane for flexible displays.
AMD6/AIS8-2 15:40	Invited Foldable OLED Display with 620 Degree Celsius LTPS TFT Manufactured by Weak Bonding Method *Tsung-Ying Ke¹, Ting Kang¹, Chih-Tsung Lee¹, Chun-Yu Chen¹, Wei-Jen Su¹, Wen-Ting Wang¹, Zih-Shuo Huang¹, Jen-Chih Wang¹, Shou-Te Hsu¹, Cheng-Liang Wang¹, Yen-Huei Lai¹, Wan-Tsang Wang Wang¹ 1. AU Optronics Corporation (Taiwan)
	By weak bonding method, the first OLED display with 620℃ LTPS TFT, without PI substrate, formed on a glass substrate is transferred to a non-PI flexible substrate. After transfer, the display image is free from defect and functions normally. The advantages of transferring are shown.
AMD6/AIS8-3 16:00	Invited Novel CMOS-Backplane Technologies for Fine Pixel Pitch and High Image Quality of LCOS Microdisplay *Koichi Amari¹, Tomoaki Honda¹, Takashi Sakairi², Keiichi Maeda², Tsuyoshi Okazaki², Kunihiko Hikichi³, Shunsuke Narui³, Tomoro Yoshinaga² 1. Sony Group Corporation (Japan), 2. Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation (Japan), 3. Sony Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (Japan)
	In this paper, the latest microdisplay development statuses, including the 0.90-inch native 8K panel with 2.6 x 2.6 um pixel, and our unique CMOS LSI-based backplane dedicated technology used in high-performance LCOS devices are introduced.
AMD6/AIS8-4L 16:20	5291-ppi OLED Display Enabled by Monolithic Integration of C-axis-Aligned Crystalline IGZO FET and Si CMOS *Kiyoshi Kato¹, Hidetomo Kobayashi¹, Hideaki Shishido¹, Toshiyuki Isa¹, Tomoya Aoyama¹, Yasuhiro Jimbo¹, Ryota Hodo¹, Koji Kusunoki¹, Hajime Kimura¹, Hitoshi Kunitake¹, Shunpei Yamazaki¹ 1. Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., LTD. (Japan)
	For the first time in the world, we have fabricated OLED display that monolithically integrates Si CMOS, oxide semiconductor FETs, and OLED devices. The panel fabricated is a thin-bezel, > 5000 ppi OLED display with drivers embedded in the display area, enabling area savings of up to approximately 40%

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FMC7/AIS9: Display Manufacturing

Dec. 3 17:10-18:30

Chair: Takao Tomono (Toppan)
Co-Chair: Kazuhiro Osato (Zeon)

FMC7/AIS9-1 17:10	Invited High Resolution Printing of Conducting Lines in μm Range Aneta Wiatrowska¹, Piotr Kowalczewski¹, Karolina Fiaczyk¹, Lukasz Witczak¹, Jolanta Gadzalinska¹, Mateusz Lysien¹, Ludovic Schneider¹, *Filip Granek¹ 1. XTPL S.A. (Poland)
	We demonstrate an ultra-precise deposition (UPD) technology for fabrication of next-generation displays. UPD allows deposition of highly-concentrated silver inks (up to 85% wt. of solid content) on complex substrates. The printed feature size is from 1 to 10 μm, with the electrical conductivity up to 40% of the bulk value.
FMC7/AIS9-2 17:30	Cu Process Development in 50 inch UHD 120 Hz LCD TVs Integrated GOA Gate Driver Circuit using Halftone Photolithography Four-Mask a-Si TFT Architecture Technology *An-thung Cho¹, Wen-bing Wu¹, Hao Dong¹ 1. ChuZhou HKC Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. (China)
	A mechanism of high doped N+ film was used to lower the contact resistance between metal and semiconductor to achieve ohmic contact in 4-mask process. In this article, the improvement mechanism to reduce contact resistance by using high doped N+ layer will be investigated in conjunction with energy level diagram.
FMC7/AIS9-3 17:50	Development of Highly Heat-Resistant, Dry-Etchable Blackening Film for TFT Wiring *Daisuke Kaneko¹, Keita Umemoto¹, Hiromi Nakazawa¹, Shin Okano¹, Yukiya Sugiuchi¹, Takeshi Ohtomo¹ 1. Mitsubishi Materials Corporation (Japan)
	We developed blackening material to enhance the heat resistance targeting to LTPS TFTs wiring. Moreover, we investigated the influence of deposition conditions for film properties. Lastly, we also discussed properties of TFT when the blackening material applied to not only the gate electrode but also source/drain electrode.
FMC7/AIS9-4 18:10	High Resolution Array Tester for Flat Panel Display Using Proximity Capacitance Image Sensor *Toshiro Yasuda¹, Kazuhisa Kobayashi¹, Yuichi Yamamoto¹, Hiroshi Hamori¹, Akinobu Teramoto², Rihito Kuroda³, Shigetoshi Sugawa³ 1. OHT Inc. (Japan), 2. Hiroshima University (Japan), 3. Tohoku University (Japan)
	An array tester technology using a proximity capacitance image sensor with high resolution and high speed performance identifying electrically positions and types of defects on flat panel substrates are discussed. Some results of defects on lines and pixel-electrodes on LCD and Mini-LED panels using the array tester are demonstrated.

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AISp1: AIS

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

AISp1-1	Real-Time Gender Classification from Gait Features Using Convolutional Neural Networks *Kazuki Mizutani¹ 1. Gifu University (Japan)
	I use walking silhouettes, which are not affected by wearing a mask, to classify gender. With conventional methods, only angle-dependent discriminators existed. However, by using deep learning, I have succeeded in creating a discriminator that does not depend on the angle and has the same accuracy.
AISp1-2	Image Matching for Unspecified Target Objects Using Geometric Edge Features *Ryusei Shibakawa¹, Fumihiko Saitoh¹ 1. Graduate School of Gifu University (Japan)
	In this paper, we propose a method for detecting the same object that is mixed in two images. In this method, image matching is performed using block matching [1] and geometric edge features.
AISp1-3	Recognition of the Spectacles Area from the Profile ImageBased on Primary Differentiation Processing *Yuki Onishi¹, Fumihiko Saitoh¹ 1. Gifu University (Japan)
	We propose a method to determine whether or not spectacles are worn from the profile image. Detecting straight lines and labeling from the profile image that emphasizes the line area and differentiated. It is possible to determine by calculating where the positions of the straight lines and the labeled objects.

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AISp2: AIS&AUTO

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

AISp2-1	Extraction of Text Areas in Scene Images by Focusing on Local Contour Density and Corner Pixel Ratio *Naoya Taira¹, Fumihiko Saitoh¹ 1. Gifu University Graduate School (Japan)
	Extraction of character regions is necessary in various fields such as automatic driving. In this paper, we propose a method for extracting character regions from scene images. The method identifies characters by a neural network using local contour density and corner pixel ratio. The experimental results show that the proposed method obtains sufficient accuracy for character region extraction.

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AISp3/FMCp2: AIS&FMC&AUTO
Special Topics of Interest on Automotive Displays

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

AISp3/FMCp2-1

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3Dp4/AISp4: 3D/Hyper-Realistic Display Systems for Artificial Intelligence and Smart Society
Special Topics of Interest on AR/VR and Hyper Reality

Dec. 2 17:00-19:00

3Dp4/AISp4-1L	Development of a Multi-Projection System for High-Resolution Directional Volumetric Display *Moeka Abe¹, Naoto Hoshikawa², Hirotaka Nakayama³, Tomoyoshi Ito¹, Atsushi Shiraki¹ 1. Chiba University (Japan), 2. National Institute of Technology, Oyama College (Japan), 3. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (Japan)
	The resolution of directional volumetric display can be improved using threads and a projector by increasing the number of threads. However, the number of threads that may be projected from a single projector is limited. In this study, we developed a system to project images from multiple projectors.
3Dp4/AISp4-2L	Real-Time Facial Animation of a Reality Avatar Based on Japanese Vowels in a Speech Audio Stream *Ryoto Kato¹, Yusuke Kikuchi¹, Vibol Yem¹, Yasushi Ikei² 1. Tokyo Metropolitan University (Japan), 2. The University of Tokyo (Japan)
	Automated, expressive facial animation is crucial for AI avatars in the VR space. We propose a real-time method for facial animation based on Japanese vowels. The user study revealed that our facial expression was more natural than the popular method (Oculus Lipsync) in mouth motion synchronous to speech audio stream.

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